Global Civilizational State,
the multicivilizational State.

Note: A display of 21 murals each showing the research done by Global Community over the past 37 years, and displaying unique short and long term solutions to the survival of all Life on Earth. Each mural has a small picture shown here whose size is about 650 px by 650 px, the enlargements are about 7000 px by 7000 pix. The pictures of the email messages are about 350 px by 350 px. All murals themselves have sizes of about 16383 px by 16383 px, with a range of 25 MBs to 65 MBs, much to large to upload on Global Community website. This large size picture for each mural can be obtained from special request. Text for each Mural were added in Global Community March 2024 Newsletter to summarize concerns about the nine most important global issues and threats facing life on our planet today. These threats are changing human life as we know it. Countless mass life extinctions have already happened which are capable of pushing humanity back to virtual prehistoric conditions.

Humans are ultra-resilient and can find a way to deal with most threats we face; however, it is the real life threats created by humans that pose the most imminent extinction to life as we know it. The rate of climate change is too rapid for processes of adaptation and these changes will inevitably involve health related issues in addition to other problems including behavioral, cultural, socio-political, demographical, and economical.

Back to March 2024 Newsletter

(Global Dialogue 2024 begins September 1st, 2023 and concludes on August 31st, 2024 ww)

Earth Governance
( see enlargement Earth Governance )


Save the world.
( see enlargement Save the world. )



This picture above here was designed to make Peoples aware how urgent meaningfull actions are needed to "Save the world". At the top of the picture the two arms symbolize the cooperation between different Peoples, the multicivilizational world we live in today all over the planet. The couple under the top frame and above the bottom frame symbolizes the formation of Life, its evolution over time. Butterflies shown on the picture are known as insects with a "complete" life cycle. This means that they have four completely separate stages of life, each of which looks entirely different from the next, and serve different purposes in the life of the insect.

Eggs are tiny, round, oval, or cylindrical depending on the variety of Butterfly. Females attach the eggs to leaves, stems, or other parts of the plant that are generally near where the caterpillar will find food. Caterpillars (or larva) are the long worm-like stage of the butterfly. They often have intricate patterns or patches on them and some may have spine-like hairs. This is the feeding and growth stage in the cycle, where they will find leaves and stems of host plants that are specific to their species.

​The Chrysalis (or Pupa) is the transformational stage within which the caterpillar tissues are broken down and the adult insect's structures are formed. Butterflies are the adult (or Imago) stage of the cycle. This is the reproductive and mobile stage of the insects life. Adults live the remainder of their life span in a garden or place with flowers where they enjoy sipping nectar from fruit or flowers, and partake in courtship, mating and laying their eggs. Butterflies are important pollinators. Approximately one-third of all plants need pollination to set fruit, and bees and butterflies are major pollinators. Flower nectar is the food for adult butterflies and by flying from flower to flower sipping nectar, pollination occurs. Butterflies are great for a garden as they are attracted to bright flowers and need to feed on nectar. When they do this their bodies collect pollen and carry it to other plants. This helps fruits, vegetables and flowers to produce new seeds.

Butterflies symbolize evolution, Life evolution. Butterflies also symbolize the need of spreading the words of peace, cooperation, love, and helping each other as a multicivilizational community on Earth. Everyone is important in spreading those words. Let our Soul transform us. Do not conform to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of our mind and heart. Then we will be able to test and approve what SoulLife's will let us evolve. The final reward of this work is "saving the world" from complete extinction. Let us spread the words. The current extinction crisis is entirely of our own making as human beings. More than a century of habitat destruction, pollution, the spread of invasive species, overharvest from the wild, climate change, global warming, population growth and other human activities have pushed nature to the brink. Tipping points, observables are showned and explained in the following 21 murals. Plenty of symbols as well!

SoulLife
( see enlargement aa )

A civilization being the highest cultural grouping of people, and it is defined by language, history, religion, customs, and institutions. The composition and shapes of civilizations change over time. The cultures of peoples interact and overlap. Empires rise and fall; governments come and go; but civilizations remain and survive political, social, economic, even difficult ideological changes. Civilizations being cultural and not political entities, they do not maintain order, establish justice, collect taxes, fight wars, negotiate treaties, or any other things which governments do. A civilization may contain one or many political organizations such as city states, empires, federations, confederations, nation states, and multinational states.

But today, the Global Civilizational State implies the cultural coming together of humanity and the acceptance of common values, beliefs, orientations, practices, and institutions by people throughout the world. Human beings in almost all societies share basic values. People in most societies have a strong moral sense, a morality of basic concepts of what is right and wrong. 

If people have shared a few fundamental values and institutions throughout history, this may explain some constants in human behavior but it cannot explain history, which consists of changes in human behavior. If a Global Civilizational State "common" to all humanity exists, what term do we then use to identify the major cultural groupings of humanity? Humanity is divided into subgroups such as tribes, nations, and broader cultural entities usually called civilizations. If the term civilization is elevated to what is "common" to humanity as a whole then the largest cultural groupings of people would be a single Global Civilizational State, that is a variety of cultures, of peoples, of religious worlds, of historical traditions, and historically formed attitudes. Confusion occurs by restricting 'civilization' to the global level and designing as 'cultures' or 'subcivilizations' those largest cultural entities which have historically always been called civilizations. 

Getting to know one another as one humanity is the goal to attain for our survival. More significant and meaningful actions are needed to save the world, all lifeforms, from complete extinction.

Global Community has begun to establish the existence of the age of symbiotical relationships and global cooperation.

An economically base symbiotical relationship exists between nations of the European Union. Other types (geographical, economical, social, business-like, political, religious) may be created all over the world between communities, nations, and between people themselves.  

SoulLife
( see enlargement aa )

  In the context of the global civilization of the 3rd Millennium, we have defined that any symbiotical relationship is for the good of all, for the good of the 'other'. It is based on a genuine group concern and unconditional support for the individual's well-being ~ a giant leap in human behaviour. The question is how can we improve the political symbiotical relationship to fulfill the fundamental criteria? Global Community promotes values and principles to achieve the fundamental criteria and that requires the promoting and establishment of: global community ethics, mutual respect, respect for life, basic liberties, justice and equity, caring for the 'other', integrity, responsibility and accountability. 

Other symbiotical relationships may be based on common concerns and issues such as: the environment, peace, justice, women's rights, global rights, and many more. There is a whole spectrum of possible symbiotical relationships.  Symbiotical relationships are needed today for the long term future of humanity and for the protection of life on Earth.  Certainly it is better to seek an economic relationship with another nation we can trust than with hundred nations we have no control on and everyone of those nations has a say in the governing of our nation and its environmental and social structures. 

The best way and solution for any nation is to recognize the Scale of Global Rights as the way of life to us all. Right on top of the scale are the ecological rights, the global life-support systems, and the primordial human rights of this generation and of the next generations.  Global Community is inviting you to participate in the formation of global symbiotical relationships between people, institutions, cities, provinces, communities, nations, and businesses.  We are also proposing the formation of a political symbiotical relationship between state and global civil society.  

Global Community ethics offer fundamental moral behaviors and irrevocable standards. You need not be religious to make this vision yours. This vision is for all human beings regardless of their social origin, language, culture, sex, skin color or religion. Global Community vision creates new hopes, standards, ideals and goals for everyone to embrace freely, and live a life without fear. Global Community faith is about realizing this new global order will be better, safer, and more realistic after replacing the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the Scale of Global Rights Scale of Global Rights. 

To determine rights requires an understanding of needs and reponsibilities and their importance. The Scale shows social values in order of importance and so will help us understand clearly the rights of a community and its citizens. So now Global Community ethics includes a process based on Scale of Global Rights. Global citizens have a binding responsibility for the welfare of all humanity and care for all life on Earth. Global Community ethical grounds are practical, real, and applicable for all women and men of good will, religious and non-religious.

The recognition of the Global Civilizational State is the most important goal for humanity to achieve. It assumes the application of the Scale of Global Rights to the most important global issues threatening humanity's survival worldwide.

Let us lead the world toward Global Civilizational State for education, Justice, protection of life on Earth, and for new ways of doing business and trade, in global development, and in the management of global resources.

A global symbiotical relationship between two or more nations, or between two or more global communities, can have trade as the major aspect of the relationship or it can have as many other aspects as agreed by the people involved. The fundamental criteria is that a relationship is created for the good of all groups participating in the relationship and for the good of humanity, all life on Earth. The relationship allows a global equitable and peaceful development and a more stable and inclusive global economy.

SoulLife
( see enlargement aa )

Governance of the Earth by Global Parliament will make the rule of arbitrary power--economic (WTO, FTAA, TPPA, BRICS, EU, etc.), political, or military (NATO)-- subjected to the rule of law within the global civil society, the human family. Justice is for everyone and is everywhere, a universal constant. Justice is without borders.

The Federation of Global Government is the place of meeting between Global Governments. Global Civilizational State offers a more meaningful union than the United Nations in the form of nine or more Global Governments such as Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Central America and the Caribbean, Asia, Oceania, the Middle-East, and South-East Asia. A Global Government is concerned not only with economics and trade, but also with the environment, health, agriculture, energy, food, social, cultural and many other essential aspects. The very first step of the Federation, and maybe the only one for several decades ahead of us, would be the approval of essential services amongst the participating member nations. We want each Global Government to take a larger share of responsibility of the specific region where it operates, and be more accountable to the people of that region, and to all life on Earth.

We can do better united as a Global Government, a Global Parliament, the Global Civilizational State: a new world to build, and a future to share and protect together.

Let us all be united as a Federation of 9 or more Global Governmewnts.

As a replacement to the United Nations, we are establishing Global Parliament with 9 or more Global Governments (GGs) and an enforceable, non-military democratic Global Constitution for all. Governing bodies consist of four chambers making the Global Parliament: 

1.  House of Elected Representatives
2.  House of Advisers
3.    House of Executive Council, and
4.    Federation of Global Governments

The power of Global Parliament was de-centralized to give each GG a better chance to find the right solutions to global issues. It can act faster and be more effective and efficient in the context of the Global Civilizational State, this great, wide, wonderful world made of all these diverse global communities within each Nation. Global Community becomes thus more fluid and dynamic.

Earth Environmental Governance can only be achieved successfully within the larger context of Sustainable Development and Earth Management. All aspects are inter-related and affect one another. A healthy environment is essential to long term prosperity and well-being of Global Community citizens. That demands a high level of ecological protection. This is the 'raison d'etre' of the Scale of Global Rights.

The very first step of the Federation, and maybe the only one for several decades ahead of us, would be the approval of essential services amongst the participating member nations. We want each Global Government to take a larger share of responsibility of the specific region where it operates, and be more accountable to the people of that region, and to all life on Earth. Global Community has researched and developed such services. All of them are already in operation on a small scale.

A global symbiotical relationship is created between Nations and Global Parliament for the good of all groups participating in the relationship and for the good of humanity, all life on Earth. The relationship allows a global equitable and peaceful development. This is the basic concept that is allowing us to group willing Member Nations from different parts of the world. Global Parliament does not force anyone to belong in any specific Global Government. 

There is a need to develop a voting system ff to elect representatives to form a democratically elected Global Parliament. Every person in the world can claim the birth right of electing a democratic government to manage Earth: the rights to vote and elect representatives to form Global Parliament. They are our human rights! Each and everyone of us on Earth was born free and equal in dignity and rights. Respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms is one of the characteristics of a democracy. The typical fundamental freedoms of a democracy (freedom of expression, thought, assembly, and association) are themselves part of human rights. These freedoms can exist everywhere. Democracy is a political system based on the participation of the people. It foresees the separation of powers among the judiciary, the legislative and the executive authorities, as well as free and regular elections.

More significant and meaningful actions are urgently needed to save the world, all lifeforms, from complete extinction.

* larger populations of mal-nourished and undereducated people living in substandard housing, unhealthy environmental conditions and inadequate health services, and poor water supply and sanitation
* rapid increase in international air travel
* globalization of trade
* lowering of standards in the production, handling, and processing of food have heightened the risk of food-borne diseases
* environmental factors and activities such as deforestation, conflict, tourism and migration into remote habitats have increased exposure to disease

Health problems are often directly related to consequences of climate change and global warming include health conditions caused by changes in humidity, temperature, and nutritional deficiencies originating from insufficient crops and irrigation. Additional health care problems as a result of possible demographic movements include waterborne-diseases, and health conditions such as skin cancer due to increased UV radiation caused by ozone depletion. Emissions from fossil fuel combustion such as CO and Pb (lead) may affect humans adversely, and gases SO2 and NOX and particulate matter can cause respiratory illnesses.

Global Community is calling for the immediate formation of the Earth Ministry of Health. The globalization of trade, the extensive mouvement of people all over the world, the increase of poverty and diseases in developing countries and all over the world, have caused pathogens and exotic diseases to migrate over enormous distances and now, are an increasing threat to local ecosystems and communities, economies and health of every human being and all life. Global Community, is calling this threat of the upmost importance and must be dealt with immediately by every nation. We must manage health in the world. We are calling for the immediate creation of the Earth Ministry of Health and the formation of a Global Ministry of Environmental Health.

SoulLife
( see enlargement aa )

Today's international trade agreements are obsolete and primitive. They are formed to make a few people on the planet rich and creating a world of over consumption and wastfully degrading the planet's resources and environment. Let us walk into a sustainable future. Let us first define what we mean by "Global Protection Agency (GPA)", and of course what we mean by "essential services" in the global context of humanity.

The worst environmental degradation happens in wars. Farm products in fields and livestock are abandoned, there is no more control on toxic wastes, and water, air, and land are polluted. People are displaced and feel no longer responsible for the quality of life in their communities. Historically, the industrialized nations have caused the most damage to the environment, with their careless technology and policies. Emissions from factories and vehicles have caused ozone depletion and acid rain.

SoulLife
( see enlargement aa )

Global Community offers both a short term solution and a long term solution to the people of all nations. Both solutions have been integrated into the Scale of Global Rights, itself a necessary first step which must be approved by all of us.

Scale of Global Rights contains six (6) sections. Section 1 has more importance than all other sections below, and so on. Concerning sections 1, 2, and 3, it shall be Global Civilization highest priority to guarantee these rights to their respective Member Nations and to have proper legislation andimplement and enforce global law as it applies and as shown in the Global Constitution.

The Scale is a balancing process to sustain all life on the planet now and future generations.

Concerning sections 1, 2, and 3, it shall be Global Community highest priority to guarantee these rights to Member Nations and to have proper lesgislation and implement and enforce global law as it applies.
Section  1.    Ecological rights and the protection of the global life-support systems

Section  2.    Primordial human rights

  •     safety and security
  •     have shelter
  •     'clean' energy
  •     'clean' and healthy environment
  •     drink fresh water
  •     breath clean air
  •     eat a balance diet
  •     basic clothing
  •     universal health care and education
  •     employment for all

Section  3.    The ecological rights, the protection of the global life-support systems and the primordial human rights of future generations

Concerning Sections 4, 5 and 6, it shall be the aim of Global Community and Global Parliament to secure these other rights for all global citizens within the federation of all nations, but without immediate guarantee of universal achievement and enforcement. These rights are defined as Directive Principles, obligating Global Community and Global Parliament to pursue every reasonable means for universal realization and implementation.

Section  4.    Community rights, rights of direct democracy, the right that the greatest number of people has by virtue of its number (50% plus one) and after voting representatives democratically.

Section  5.    Economic rights (business and consumer rights, and their responsibilities and accountabilities) and social rights (civil and political rights)

Section  6.    Cultural rights and religious rights

Scale of Global Rights definition

Definition of the Scale of Global Rights Scale of Global Rights Human and Earth rights Scale of Global Rights Chapter X of the Global Parliament Constitution is about the Scale of Human and Earth Rights

On the Scale of Global Rights primordial human rights and the protection of the global life-support systems (ecological rights) are on top of the Scale. They are the most important aspects on the Scale. For instance, the existing and future uses of water are constantly challenged; balancing supply and demand is made even harder by the amounts of pollution found in the air, land and waters. A large part of our body is made of water, and we cannot live without water; therefore water is a primordial human right by our very nature.

Primordial human rights are those human rights that individuals have by virtue of their very existence as human beings: to live, eat, drink fresh water, breath clean air, and have shelter. These rights are separate categories than ecological rights, the right of the greatest number of people, economic rights, social rights, cultural rights and religious rights.

Ecological and primordial human rights are the only rights that have existed unchanged throughout the evolutionary origin of our species. Any major change would have threatened our very existence. All other human rights are rights created by human beings and can be changed depending of new circumstances; they are not stagnant but are rather flexible and adaptive, and they can evolve. Ecological and primordial human rights of this generation and of future generations are therefore much more important than any other human rights existing now and in the future.

In this way the Scale of Global Rights gives us a sense of direction for future planning and managing of the Earth. Earth management is now well defined and becomes a goal to achieve. We no longer waste energy and resources in doing things that are absolutely unimportant. So it has become a necessity to establish the Ministry of Global Resources that will be assessing, compiling, managing, protecting and distributing Earth resources, and the Earth Court of Justice prosecuting cases involving crimes related to the relentless misused of the Earth resources.

In order to avoid conflicts and wars over drinking (fresh)water, fresh water has been categorized as a primordial human right. Industrial pollution plays a major role in the deterioration of nature but this time the level of pollution is above the carrying capacity of a healthy ecosystem. Pollution also affects significantly human health and all lifeforms on Earth. Every person needs Oxygen to live so clean air is certainly also a primordial human right by our very nature.

SoulLife
( see enlargement aa )

Control over the amounts of greengases produced by human activities and let go into our air must be paramount to governance and management of Earth.The production of greengases involves the destruction of the Oxygen in our air and its replacement by CO2, a deadly chemical. CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere have been measured at an altitude of about 4,000 meters on the peak of Mauna Loa mountain in Hawaii since 1958. The measurements at this location, remote from local sources of pollution, have clearly shown that atmospheric concentrations of CO2 are increasing. The mean concentration of approximately 316 parts per million by volume (ppmv) in 1958 rose to approximately 369 ppmv in 1998. The annual variation is due to CO2 uptake by growing plants. The uptake is highest in the northern hemisphere springtime.

Today in 2024, the concentration is more than 460 ppmv. And after all the dirty tars sands oil of Alberta, Canada, has been consumed, the concentration will be over 600 ppmv, i.e. the end of civilization as we know it, and the end of most lifeforms on the planet.

Human beings have a moral obligation to protect and conserve the biodiversity of life on Earth. The Global Constitution shows us how it can be done with Global Law, the Earth Court of Justice, and how the Global Protection Agency (GPA) can protect the territory. Global Community Arrest Warrants can be issued to anyone breaking Global Law.

Leaders of the wealthier nations must be willing to accept responsibility for past mistakes and to help pay the financial burden for environmental protection of the developing nations. This is the most damaging conflict of interests between the rich industrialized countries and those that are poor and struggling just for existence. Global Community must help wealthy and poorer nations reach a better understanding of each other's needs.

All aspects are interrelated: peace, human rights and the environment. The poor is more concerned with ending starvation, finding a proper shelter and employment, and helping their children to survive. Environmental issues become meaningless to the poor. In reality, all concerns are interrelated. As soon as the environment is destroyed beyond repair, human suffering is next. Ecology has no boundaries. All nations suffer the effects of air pollution, global warming, loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, acid rain, ozone depletion, silting of streams, and countless of other environmental problems. This was the reason for proposing to Global Community the Scale of Global Rights.

Actions for the good of all are described as per the Statement of Rights, Responsibilities, and Accountabilities. Actions for the good of all as per the Statement of rights, responsibilities, and accountabilities The political system of an individual country does not have to be a democracy. The political system of an individual country does not have to be a democracy

Other significant actions are listed here. Global Community must now direct the wealth of the world towards the building of local-to-global economic democracies in order to meet the needs for food, shelter, universal healthcare, education, and employment for all. Global Community must now direct the wealth of the world towards the building of local-to-global economic democracies in order to meet the needs for food, shelter, universal healthcare, education, and employment for all

1. Global Economic Model proposed by Global Community is truly the best response to the world. Global Economic Model proposed by Global Community is truly the best response to the world

2. Direct democracy and global voting on issues.    Direct democracy and global voting on issues

3. Creation of a biodiversity zone protection all around the planet by way of Earth rights and taxation of natural resources    Creation of a biodiversity zone protection all around the planet by way of Earth rights and taxation of natural resources

It is the same idea for any consumer product. You manufacture, produce, farm or createa product, you become responsible and accountable of your product from beginning to end (to the point where it actually becomes a waste; you are also responsible for the proper disposable of the waste).

People in our society often argue that their manufacturing products and the trading principles or rules that regulate their actions are all legal! But what about ethical values and moral principles?!

Climate change is definitely at the top of the most global important issues facing our planet today. While this issue primarily focuses on global warming, changes in precipitation, air quality, biodiversity, habitable zones, and many other areas are part of and affected by climate change. However, it is extreme global climate change that would result in epic disruption if not outright decimation of the human species and most life as we know it today. We have already seen the death and destruction wreaked by monster typhoons and hurricanes, unexpected volcanic activity, monsoons, extreme heat and extreme cold systems.

SoulLife
( see enlargement aa )

History has demonstrated that for over three billion years life was able to adapt and new species evolved, including humans. Humans are highly adaptable, and they are roaming and nomadic. The same goes for many lifeforms, fauna and flora, which we have seen migrate as weather conditions and trends change. There are other earth-threatening phenomena that pose far greater challenges to humanity than global climate change.

With Earth’s hottest temperatures normally hovering at 115°F (46.1°C) and reaching as high as 136°F (57.8°C) in the middle east and western portions of the United States and the coldest temperatures averaging around -50°F in Asia where humans live, there is potential for that perfect storm to trigger multiple extreme weather conditions worldwide. Still humans may survive, but other species could be seriously emaciated and unable to sustain itself.

SoulLife
( see enlargement aa )

The global tipping points of greatest concerns and the emergence and spread of deadly pathogens are very serious concerns. What is even more serious is the USA war industry with its over 1200 military bases all over the planet. The war in Afghanistan was a conflict that took place from 2001 to 2021 in the South-Central Asian country of Afghanistan. It began when the United States and its allies invading Afghanistan to topple the Taliban-ruled Islamic Emirate. Now, the USA war military was asked to live Afghanistan and move to the E.U. to force its way into Russia via Ukraine as a step to take over Russian land and its resources, and this with the approval of the EU nations. NATO is of course a part of this strategy. For years, Putin made it clear to the West that, for Russia security, no NATO and USA military bases should be created in Ukraine. And so should any other European nations too close to Russia, and so threatening, menacing, Russia security. History tells us that Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Germany from 1933 until his death in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then assuming the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934. His dream has been to invade Russia for mainly its immense natural resources and land. This was also the untold dream of most of most European nations and of the USA. The nation Ukraine should be nutral.

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin, was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who governed the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death in 1953. He held power both as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1952) and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1941–1953). Despite initially governing the country as part of a collective leadership, he ultimately consolidated power to become the Soviet Union's dictator by the 1930s. A communist ideologically committed to the Leninist interpretation of Marxism, Stalin formalised these ideas as Marxism–Leninism while his own policies are known as Stalinism.

In 1939, his regime signed a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany. Germany ended the pact by invading the Soviet Union in 1941. Despite initial setbacks, the Soviet Red Army repelled the German invasion and captured Berlin in 1945, thereby ending World War II in Europe. With Stalin as their leader, Russians defeated Hitler army and won WWII, the Second World War.

From Korea to Vietnam, Afghanistan to Iraq, the Cold War to the War on Terror, and so many military interventions in between, including Grenada, Panama, and Somalia, Americans are always fighting somewhere as if they see great utility in thumbing their noses at other nations affairs. In its quest for security, the U.S. spends more on the military than any other country in the world, certainly much more than the combined military spending of its major rivals, Russia and China. Authorized at over $700 billion in Fiscal Year 2019, and again over $700 billion requested for FY 2020, the DOD budget comprises more than half of all federal discretionary spending each year. With an armed force of more than two million people, 11 nuclear aircraft carriers, and the most advanced military aircraft, the US is more than capable of projecting power anywhere in the globe, and with “Space Command,” into outer-space. Further, the US has been continuously at war since late 2001, with the US military and State Department currently engaged in more than 80 countries in counterterror operations. All this capacity for and use of military force requires a great deal of energy, most of it in the form of fossil fuel.

In its quest for security, the U.S. spends more on the military than any other country in the world, certainly much more than the combined military spending of its major rivals, Russia and China. Authorized at over $700 billion in Fiscal Year 2019, and again over $700 billion requested for FY 2020, the DOD budget comprises more than half of all federal discretionary spending each year. With an armed force of more than two million people, 11 nuclear aircraft carriers, and the most advanced military aircraft, the US is more than capable of projecting power anywhere in the globe, and with “Space Command,” into outer-space. Further, the US has been continuously at war since late 2001, with the US military and State Department currently engaged in more than 80 countries in counterterror operations. All this capacity for and use of military force requires a great deal of energy, most of it in the form of fossil fuel.

The real invader in this world of ours happens to be the United States of America. The U.S. military — equally unsuccessfully, equally long-lastingly, equally usefully when it came to the spread of terrorism and of failed or failing states — took action in Libya, Somalia, Yemen (largely but not only via the Saudis), and even Syria. While those might have been considered interventions, not invasions, they were each unbelievably more invasive than anything the domestic right-wing is now calling an invasion on the USA southern border. In 2016, in Syria, for instance, the U.S. Air Force and its allies dropped an estimated 20,000 bombs on the “capital” of the Islamic State, Raqqa, a modest-sized provincial city. In doing so, with the help of artillery and of ISIS suicide bombers, they turned it into rubble. In a similar fashion from Mosul to Fallujah, major Iraqi cities were rubblized. All in all, it’s been quite a record of invasion, intervention, and destruction. Invaders, intruders, disrupters? Talking about undocumented immigrants from south of the USA border (even with the bogus claims that there were “terrorists” among them). When it comes to invasions, we should be chanting “USA! USA!” Perhaps, in fact, you could think of this country, its leadership, its military, and its war on terror as a version of the El Paso killer raised to a global scale. In this century at least, we have been the true invaders and disrupters on planet Earth (with the Russians in Crimea and the Ukraine coming in a distant second).

Since 2001, the U.S. has succeeded in squandering staggering amounts of taxpayer dollars unsettling a vast swath of the planet, killing startling numbers of people who didn’t deserve to die, driving yet more of them from their homes, and so helping to set in motion the very crisis of migrants and refugees that has roiled both Europe and the United States ever since. The three top countries sending unwanted asylum seekers to Europe have been Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan, all deeply embroiled in the cauldron of the American war on terror. Not long ago, a total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States was ordered by the President. Those original invasions and interventions were all surrounded by glorious explanations about the bringing of “democracy” to and the “liberation” of various societies, explanations no less bogus than those offered by the El Paso killer to explain his slaughter.

Today, year 2024, the world is again witnessing a major war against Russia security by refusing to make Ukraine a neutral nation. The USA and NATO want to pack up Ukraine with a military base capable of destroying Russia. More than one-third of the 90,000 U.S. troops in Europe are stationed in Germany. But the Pentagon shifted some of those personnel to shore up NATO's eastern flank and would plan to invade Russia in some no so distant future. Once more! European nations and the USA threatening to eventually invade Russia.

On September 13, 1962, USA President Kennedy wrote: "If at any time the Communist build-up in Cuba were to endanger or interfere with our security in any way, or if Cuba should ever become an offensive military base of significant capacity for the Soviet Union, then this country, the USA, will do whatever must be done to protect its own". And now the USA military is doing a similar attack onto Russia to destroy Russia and grab its resources including its land, and killing the Russian people. Russia has the right to protect its own land and people. The USA, NATO, and the European nations, the EU, have no right to invade Russia by using Ukraine as a stepping place to invade Russia. They all refused the diplomatic solution offered by Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, the president of Russia. Ukraine and the "West" refused a peaceful solution and chose to send major military personnel with the most destructive and deadly equipment. They refuse to make Ukraine a neutral nation and would rather provoke and create a war-like state with Ukraine against Russia.

The U.S.-controlled North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) has lost its purpose to continue as a defence alliance. However, its aggressive expansion is endangering world peace and the survival of life on the planet. Despite its irrelevant role, NATO has become part of the U.S. military. Instead of dismantling the once defence alliance, the U.S. pushed to enlarge NATO and expand its boundaries. The U.S. has lured most European nations, including former Warsaw Pact members, the so-called “New Europe”, to join its military. Poland, Hungry and the Czech Republic joined in 1999; Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuanian, Estonia, Slovakia and Romania in 2004, others are waiting in line. Becoming a NATO member proves to be a profit bonanza for U.S.-Israeli weapon industries and arm dealers. All new recruits into NATO are obliged to increase their “defence” budgets to modernise and enlarge their military arsenals at the expense of vital public services.

It is important to remember in mind that the U.S.-NATO demands for expansion have met with opposition from Russia, China – with a legitimate concern against unprovoked threat – and nations such as Germany, the Netherlands and France. Almost all new mini-dictators supported the illegal U.S. aggression against the Iraqi people. They are in complete complicity in the war crimes committed by the regime of George Bush despite overwhelming majority of their citizens’ opposition to U.S. aggression. From the criminal U.S. aggression against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia to the ongoing murderous occupation of Afghanistan and Iraq, the new European armies have become U.S. foot soldiers serving U.S. imperialist interests.

Planning, organizing and using crisis in Europe and elsewhere, the U.S. cancelled the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM) in order to locate ABMs and to lure more nations to sign up for the system, including Australia, South Korea and Japan.

Under the false pretext of defence against “rogue” states, the U.S. has signed a agreement with Poland to station on Polish soil U.S. “interceptor missiles”. The provocative deal is seen by Russians as a dangerous opportunity for the U.S. to expand its military presence and threat across the world. Poland hailed the deal as a counter to Russian “threat”. Of course Poland is fully aware that the missiles are against Russia not Iran, as the U.S. continues to mislead the public. After Poland, the U.S. is planning to build a twin anti-missile radar system in the Czech Republic. Many Poles as well as Czechs are against the deals and rightly believe their countries are becoming vassal states of a dangerous U.S. militarism.

Ever since the end of the Cold War, the U.S. aim has always been a quest for imperialist domination of the globe through U.S. militarism, including the establishment of 1200 U.S. military bases in strategic areas of the world. The U.S. policy of destabilising Russia and undermining Russia’s integration with Europe is aimed at controlling Eurasia’s natural resources .

The events of 9/11 provided the U.S. with a pretext to justify the U.S. war on Islam and a global imperialist expansion. It is hard to believe that the unprovoked aggression by Georgia’s President Mikheil Saakashvili against the semi-independent district of South Ossetia wasn’t engineered by the U.S. ruling class in Washington. Russia has a legitimate right to protect its citizens. Most Ossetians are Russian citizens and do not want to be dominated by a racist Georgia. Russia’s response to Saakachvili’s aggression was swift and in full compliance with international laws. Saakashvili’s army of mercenaries – trained and armed by the U.S. and Israel – has suffered a deserving humiliating defeat that should be a lesson to all those “new” European vassals who think they can participate in U.S. war crimes and count on U.S. help.

The U.S. ruling class, the Bush regime in particular, had no moral standing whatsoever to criticize Russia for protecting Russian nationals and defending South Ossetia against unprovoked aggression. After more than five years of murderous Occupation, the Bush regime was directly responsible for the premeditated killing of more than 1.3 million innocent Iraqi civilians. Hundreds of thousands of Iraqi civilians were imprisoned and tortured on regular basis, and at leas 5 million Iraqis have been displaced as refugees living in appalling conditions. The entire sovereign nation of Iraq was destroyed in a premeditated act of aggression justified by outright lies. Moreover, despite the overwhelming majority of the Iraqi people’s opposition to the Occupation, the Bush regime refused to withdraw U.S. troops and mercenaries from Iraq and end the murderous Occupation of their nation. It is obvious that Western governments and their mainstream media are demonising Russia even if Russia is not the aggressor. As Sergei Lavrov, Russia's foreign minister told the media: “NATO is trying to make a victim of an aggressor and whitewash a criminal regime - save a collapsing regime - and is taking a path to the rearmament of the current leaders in Georgia”. Saakashvili as perpetrator of war crimes has become the victime by embarking on an ill-advised act of aggression not dissimilar from U.S. recent acts of aggression. World peace is greatly served by multilateralism and international institutions without an aggressive U.S. military expansion. The transformation of NATO into a tool of U.S. imperialism is endangering the survival of the planet.

All weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) should have been phased out a long time ago. Why are the USA still holding the world hostage with its 40,000 nuclear war heads, and biological and chemical weapons of mass destruction? What have you ever done to help the phasing out of WMDs? Now several nations, including North Korea and Iran feel threatened just like everyone else and will refuse to be invaded. They would rather take on the US. Russia and China will also refuse to be invaded.

The United Nations had no right to create the State of Israel. They forced their way into a one billion Muslims and have done ever since. The UN along with the United States and Israel, are an invading force, a colonization drive in the same way as the British have done after World War I. The UN committed an illegal and arbitrary act by creating the State of Israel.

Furthermore, our world is facing crises of freshwater, food, deforestation, ocean health, and destruction of the global Life-support systems. Moreover, the USA military, and its over 1200 military bases spread all over the world, is adding war to the world and causing continuous destruction and pollution. We need leadership in the protection of all our natural resources, in peril because of what we do and what that does to our planet. We are facing a fresh water crisis. We are facing a food crisis. We are facing a crisis over deforestation. And we are facing crises in our oceans. While carbon emissions from fossil fuels pollute the air, land and our oceans, we are facing the climate change crisis. Now is the time to press for a sound Global Civilizational State leadership.

Now Global Community claims that all Lifeforms are important and included as part of global ethics. It is not just about 'humanity survival' but about 'all lifeforms survival' we are fighting for. The treatment of all lifeforms provides a clear example of the practical value of global ethics. In the Western world (and in contrast with certain Eastern traditions) lifeforms other than human beings have long been excluded from the domain of moral concern. They have been bred up and killed for food and clothing, captured and dissected in the name of science, and sometimes hunted for pure pleasure. This treatment has been justified in several ways. Within the Jewish and Christian religious context, for example, it is taught that God created "animals" for human use, and so we are entitled to do to them as we please. Global Community condemns this behavior because it is morally unacceptable and because each of us depends on the well-being of the whole, and so global citizens must have respect for the community of living beings, for people, other Lifeforms, and plants, and for the preservation of Earth, the air, water and soil.

Another major source of global unsecurity for people is the culture of violence in everyday life as it is shown on television screens and cinemas. The American Way of Life is creating this culture of violence. An american child at age six year old has seen more violence on television than any other child of the Middle East over a life span. This culture of violence infects both industrial and developing countries, rich and poor. This trend of culture of violence must end. The movie and TV industry and the Internet are a threat to global security. The media is responsible for the propagation of violence through communications. Why has government not done anyhting to regulate the media industry? Surely everyone understood that on the Scale of Global Rights security of the people of any nation is more important than the human rights related to the freedom of expression of the media industry. Security of the people and the state is on top of the Scale. It is part of the primordial human rights.

The main source of economic reliability in America was transferred over time from gold to dollars, specifically to US treasury bills. This major shift allowed the Federal Reserve to print dollars practically without limit (as seen in recent years with interests rates for borrowing money from the FED at around 0%), well aware that the demand for dollars would never cease, this also keeping alive huge sectors of private and public enterprises such as the coal industry, fracking industry, car manufacturing, food and farming industries, and most importantly the military industry which has always giving jobs to more than half of America's population. No wonder President Trump, and several USA Presidents before him, have been claiming the lowest unemployment rate because more than half of America population works for the war industry, the industry that has produced most of the greenhouse gases globally at the expenses of the global life-support systems. This set a course for a global economic system based on financial instruments like derivatives and other securities instead of real, tangible goods like gold. In doing this for its own benefit, the US has created the conditions for a new financial bubble that could bring down the entire world economy when it bursts.

The main source of economic success in America was transferred over time from gold to dollars, specifically to US treasury bills, which allowed the Federal Reserve to print dollars practically without limit. Given a current account deficit financed by savings of others in the world, the US government spending on global militarization and other priorities were able to expand without limit. Naturally, the more the dollar was used in the world, the more the United States of America had the power to spend on the military. The US found itself in the enviable position of being able to print pieces of paper (simply IOU’s) without any gold backing and then exchange them for real goods from other countries. They simply needed dollars for trade and bought US treasures to diversify their financial assets. To become great again, the US parlayed the world’s largest national debt, its trade deficit, budget deficit, capital account deficit and savings rate deficit, into a position in the global driver seat through the dollar remaining global hub currency. This economic arrangement has allowed the United States to achieve an unparalleled strategic advantage over its geopolitical opponents and, has allowed a practically unlimited dollar spending capacity even as the US accumulates an astronomical public debt that is now over 21 trillion dollars. Most of this spending was used for its military, but not for the American health and wellness.






( see enlargement Legitimate leadership.)

Long term solution.
( see enlargement Long term solution.)

Earth governance.
( see enlargement Earth governance. Women as leaders.)

Global Civilization.
( see enlargement Global Civilization.)

Table of Contents

Theme of Global Dialogue 2024

Short and long term solutions to save the world.


Global Civilizational State: application of the Scale of Global Rights to global issues.

Global participants files.jj
List of all participants and authors with their work from 1985 to 2007.jj
All work can be found in Global Proceedings.jj
Global Information Media (GIM) publishing monthly Newsletters dealing with global issues. Global Information Media (GIM) publishing monthly Newsletters dealing with global issues.


by

My name is
Germain Joseph Dufour

I am

President of Global Parliament
Global Civilizational Community
Multicivilizational Community
Global Community

and also President
of my own Canadian business and website:
Global Community WebNet Ltd.
globalcommunitywebnet.com



And welcome to all of you global citizens.

Global Citizens Global Citizens voting on issues Letter to all Canadians concerning new legislation on direct democracy Global Citizens Rights, Responsibility and Accountability Act Freedom, security and justice without borders (Part II) Global Community and every global citizen, also known as the human family, the global civil society. I should start by emphasizing that I speak to you as a good global citizen. Scale of Human and Earth Rights Global Parliament s Constitution GCEG s commitment to Global Community to make government and global citizens responsible and accountable, and to bring about Global Peace Employment for every global citizen Global Community Citizenship (every participant would become a global citizen) We the Peoples are us Global Community days of celebration or remembering throughout the year: Global Citizenship Day on October 29 of every year

Global Community, Global Parliament, Federation of Global Governments, Global Civilizational State vv.

Return to Global Dialogue 2024

Return to Global Community activities.

Return to Global Community.

vision 2024
( see enlargement jj)

Global Community

Global Civilizational State

Global Parliament

Federation of Global Governments

Global Community WebNet Ltd. (Canada)

Global Constitution

Email address:

germaindufour4@gmail.com, Global Community WebNet Ltd. (Canada)



We the Peoples, all Life on Earth, are claiming ownership of the planet as a birthright.
"Global Community is defined as being all that exits or occurs at any location at any time between the Ozone layer above and the core of the planet below. It is defined around a given territory, that territory being the planet as a whole, as well as a specific population, which is all life forms on Earth." By extension, the expression Global Community also includes the entire Universe, space and time, all matter, galaxies, dark matter, all particles and all unknown parts of the Universe yet to be discovered. Global Community also includes all Souls, SoulLife God, and that makes it different than just saying Global Community is the Universe ss.
This definition includes all people, all life on Earth and over the entire Universe. That makes Global Civilizational State the 21st century framework for Earth governance, and the only legitimate body with the power to make the laws of the land and to make the rules for the territory of the Earth.

Business, trade and global resources.
( see enlargement Business, trade and global resources. )

  • Summary Summary
  • Introduction and conclusion for all four Chapters.Introduction and conclusion for all four Chapters.
  • Chapter I) Actual scenario of the world from the beginning of the industrial revolution to today. Chapter I) Actual scenario of the world from the beginning of the industrial revolution to today.
    • The Biosphere, our world. The Biosphere.

    • American consumers have the largest ecological footprint in the world and is largely a consequence of the global power of TNCs, corporate America. American consumers have the largest ecological footprint in the world and is largely a consequence of the global power of TNCs, corporate America.

    • Climate denialism requires shutting one’s eyes to obvious realities when the truth is that the Earth is warmer than it has been in 120,000 years. Climate denialism requires shutting one’s eyes to obvious realities when the truth is that the Earth is warmer than it has been in 120,000 years.

    • Rising sea levels, coastal cities, and extreme weather. Rising sea levels, coastal cities, and extreme weather.

    • World's Biggest Cities That Will Be Drowned. World's Biggest Cities That Will Be Drowned.

    • America is the biggest greenhouse gas (GHG) polluter.America's biggest greenhouse gas (GHG) polluter.

    • Dollar and death calculations of GHG pollution versus global GDP calculation. Dollar and death calculations of GHG pollution versus global GDP calculation.

    • The Arctic, health and bunker oil used by container ships. The Arctic, health and bunker oil used by container ships.

    • In coming decades, because of global warming, the Arctic tundra permafrost and Arctic Ocean sea bed will release Methane CH4, a much more deadly GHG than CO2. In coming decades, because of global warming, the Arctic tundra permafrost and Arctic Ocean sea bed will release Methane CH4, a much more deadly GHG than CO2.

    • Extreme, catastrophic economically and socially disastrous wildfires could increase by up to 40% as the world warms. Extreme, catastrophic economically and socially disastrous wildfires could increase by up to 40% as the world warms.

    • Environment, debt, and future generations. Environment, debt, and future generations.

    • Corporate polluters are the worst offenders. Corporate polluters are the worst offenders.

    • Americans, Canadians and Australians are making sure to doom the world with unlimited Greenhouse Gas Pollution. Americans, Canadians and Australians are making sure to doom the world with unlimited Greenhouse Gas Pollution.

    • America and world energy. America and world energy.

    • Unlimited fossil fuel exploitation means a commitment to GHG pollution over 16 times greater than the world’s present remaining Terminal Carbon Pollution Budget that must not be exceeded if we are to have a 75% chance of avoiding a catastrophic 2C temperature rise. Unlimited fossil fuel exploitation means a commitment to GHG pollution over 16 times greater than the world’s present remaining Terminal Carbon Pollution Budget that must not be exceeded if we are to have a 75% chance of avoiding a catastrophic 2C temperature rise.

    • Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, developed economies have been emitting GHGs which created global warming and today's environmental crisis, and that makes the capitalism system responsible, and we must first change it. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, developed economies have been emitting GHGs which created global warming and today's environmental crisis, and that makes the capitalism system responsible, and we must first change it.

    • Demographic, Social and Economic Changes Aggravate Threat to Humanity due to Climate Change. Demographic, Social and Economic Changes Aggravate Threat to Humanity due to Climate Change.

    • Americans Contributes 20% Of World’s Annual Carbon Debt Increase. Americans Contributes 20% Of World’s Annual Carbon Debt Increase.

    • Time left to avert climate catastrophe. Time left to avert climate catastrophe.

    • So what should Society do to avoid the worst impacts of climate change? So what should Society do to avoid the worst impacts of climate change?

    • Industrial farming is not an efficient way to grow food. Industrial farming is not an efficient way to grow food.

    • Rising Sea levels will remake the coastlines of endangered U.S. States and drown much of other world coastlines. Rising Sea levels will remake the coastlines of endangered U.S. States and drown much of other world coastlines.

    • Because of climate change, dry conditions and extreme heat have led to a proliferating number of intense wildfires, causing massive damage to infrastructure, land and the loss of human life. Because of climate change, dry conditions and extreme heat have led to a proliferating number of intense wildfires, causing massive damage to infrastructure, land and the loss of human life.

    • To teach the younger generation about climate change. To teach the younger generation about climate change.

    • Global commons, biodiversity debt, and the goal in America must be to overturn our present expansionary system by fostering de-growth. Global commons, biodiversity debt, and the goal in America must be to overturn our present expansionary system by fostering de-growth.

    • The 1% as much wealth as half the world's population. The 1% as much wealth as half the world's population.

    • Energy and prosperity. Energy and prosperity.

    • Why Keystone XL should never get built. Why Keystone XL should never get built.

    • Climate change, an existential threat to humanity and much of nature. Climate change, an existential threat to humanity and much of nature.

    • The melting of the Arctic ice will lead to Global Climate catastrophe. The melting of the Arctic ice will lead to Global Climate catastrophe.

    • The hidden costs of slow sea-level rise and rapid flooding. The hidden costs of slow sea-level rise and rapid flooding.

    • China Plans to Break Petrodollar Stranglehold. China Plans to Break Petrodollar Stranglehold.

    • The fundamental contradiction between population/economic growth and protecting the environment. The fundamental contradiction between population/economic growth and protecting the environment.

    • Chinese production and exports are dominated by US and other foreign corporations, and, like the pollution drifting across the globe, – are not really ‘Chinese’ at all. Chinese production and exports are dominated by US and other foreign corporations, and, like the pollution drifting across the globe, – are not really ‘Chinese’ at all.

    • Capitalism, and the relationship between work, energy, money and climate change. Capitalism, and the relationship between work, energy, money and climate change.

    • A system of international capitalism has restructured and replaced a healthy, sustainable indigenous agriculture across the world with a globalised system of food production and agriculture controlled by companies that have a history of releasing health-damaging, environmentally polluting products onto the market and engaging in activities considered as constituting crimes against humanity. A system of international capitalism has restructured and replaced a healthy, sustainable indigenous agriculture across the world with a globalised system of food production and agriculture controlled by companies that have a history of releasing health-damaging, environmentally polluting products onto the market and engaging in activities considered as constituting crimes against humanity.

    • America’s new corporate tax cut scam was designed to allow the ultra-rich .01% and the world’s corporate/financial structure to re-locate within the borders of the United States to stick their heads in the pig trough along with all the other greedy ones to partake in the financial feeding frenzy that will ensue. America’s new corporate tax cut scam was designed to allow the ultra-rich .01% and the world’s corporate/financial structure to re-locate within the borders of the United States to stick their heads in the pig trough along with all the other greedy ones to partake in the financial feeding frenzy that will ensue.

    • Trump's Budget Deals Massive Blow to Clean Water and Air, Public Lands, Public Health and the Environment. Trump's Budget Deals Massive Blow to Clean Water and Air, Public Lands, Public Health and the Environment.



  • Chapter II) The US has no international mandate to work as the custodian of any world order. There’s nothing called “US exceptionalism” in any textbook on international law or diplomacy. The American military empire, and the environmental harm it spreads, expands far beyond U.S. borders. America has more foreign military bases than any other people, nation, or empire in history, numbering over 1000. This military presence brings large-scale environmental destruction to the land and peoples across the globe through dumping, leaks, weapons testing, energy consumption, and waste. It is a war against wildlife, an assault on the environment and communities. Beyond its immediate carbon footprint—which is difficult to measure—the U.S. military has placed countless countries under the thumb of western oil giants. Social movements have long sounded the alarm over the link between U.S.-led militarism and climate change, yet the Pentagon continues to evade accountability. Invading other nations, overthrow by means of a coup, killing people and destroying buildings, and military occupations of foreign countries are what America's military with the UK and France, and top government contractors, have been doing since WWII. Chapter III
    • US enemy number one is its military spending over 60% of budget. US enemy number one is its military spending over 60% of budget.

    • Iran, China and Russia have over the years adopted a variety of economic and military actions to repel the continual assault on their sovereignty by the West. Iran, China and Russia have over the years adopted a variety of economic and military actions to repel the continual assault on their sovereignty by the West.

    • The pressure exerted in the South China Sea have forced Tehran, Moscow and Beijing to conclude that the United States represents an existential threat. The pressure exerted in the South China Sea have forced Tehran, Moscow and Beijing to conclude that the United States represents an existential threat.

    • Russia and the Arctic transit route, of great interest not only for defense purposes but also being a quick passage for transit goods. The Black Sea for these reasons has received special attention from the United States due to its strategic location. In any case, the responses have been proportional to the threat. Iran has significantly developed maritime capabilities in the Persian Gulf, often closely marking ships of the US Navy located in the area for the purposes of deterrence. Russia and the Arctic transit route, of great interest not only for defense purposes but also being a quick passage for transit goods. The Black Sea for these reasons has received special attention from the United States due to its strategic location. In any case, the responses have been proportional to the threat. Iran has significantly developed maritime capabilities in the Persian Gulf, often closely marking ships of the US Navy located in the area for the purposes of deterrence.

    • More nations are clearly rejecting American interference, favoring instead a dialogue with Beijing, Moscow and Tehran. Duterte in the Philippines is just the latest example of this trend. More nations are clearly rejecting American interference, favoring instead a dialogue with Beijing, Moscow and Tehran. Duterte in the Philippines is just the latest example of this trend.

    • With the United Nations warning that millions of civilians could die from violence or starvation from the ongoing military siege of the Yemeni port city of Hodeida, there is no other way to describe what is happening except as “genocide”. The more than three-year war on Yemen waged by a Western-backed Saudi coalition has been arguably genocidal from the outset, with up to eight million people facing imminent starvation due to the years-long blockade on the Arabian country, as well as from indiscriminate air strikes. With the United Nations warning that millions of civilians could die from violence or starvation from the ongoing military siege of the Yemeni port city of Hodeida, there is no other way to describe what is happening except as “genocide”. The more than three-year war on Yemen waged by a Western-backed Saudi coalition has been arguably genocidal from the outset, with up to eight million people facing imminent starvation due to the years-long blockade on the Arabian country, as well as from indiscriminate air strikes.

    • Americans bombed Syria again just as Russia had finally defeated the terrorist groups armed by USA and Saudi Arabia. List of 27 bombed nations show that Millions had to die, murdered right in their homelands, because of the support or indifference of ordinary Americans, with enough of them willing to follow orders, even when unlawful orders, to bomb and invade whatever nation instructed to. So, ‘exceptionalist’ Americans in military uniform have bombed Syria again. They bombed Syria again just as the Syrian army with the help of Russia, Iran and Hezbollah had finally, after seven years, defeated the terrorist groups, which had heavy weaponry and Toyota trucks supplied to them by United States and Saudi Arabia. The terrorist groups destroyed much of the country and caused the death of some 350,000 Syrian men, women and children. Many Syrians had their heads cut off by the fanatic terrorists. It has been an open secret that Americans and Saudi Arabians have been funding and arming them for some seven years. Americans bombed Syria again just as Russia had finally defeated the terrorist groups armed by USA and Saudi Arabia. List of 27 bombed nations show that Millions had to die, murdered right in their homelands, because of the support or indifference of ordinary Americans, with enough of them willing to follow orders, even when unlawful orders, to bomb and invade whatever nation instructed to. So, ‘exceptionalist’ Americans in military uniform have bombed Syria again. They bombed Syria again just as the Syrian army with the help of Russia, Iran and Hezbollah had finally, after seven years, defeated the terrorist groups, which had heavy weaponry and Toyota trucks supplied to them by United States and Saudi Arabia. The terrorist groups destroyed much of the country and caused the death of some 350,000 Syrian men, women and children. Many Syrians had their heads cut off by the fanatic terrorists. It has been an open secret that Americans and Saudi Arabians have been funding and arming them for some seven years.

    • Syria is not experiencing a “civil war.” It is being targeted by both proxy and direct military force organized by the United States and its allies for the explicit purpose of dividing and destroying yet another Middle Eastern nation. Syria is not experiencing a “civil war.” It is being targeted by both proxy and direct military force organized by the United States and its allies for the explicit purpose of dividing and destroying yet another Middle Eastern nation.

    • The USA Navy plays violent war games in Alaska, killing fish and destroying the environment. When the U.S. Navy sails its warships into the Gulf of Alaska, they will engage in military maneuvers and possibly drop bombs, launch torpedoes and missiles, and engage in activities that stand a significant chance of poisoning those once-pristine waters, while it prepares for future battles elsewhere on the planet.  Think of it as a war against wildlife, an assault on the environment and local coastal communities. The USA Navy plays violent war games in Alaska, killing fish and destroying the environment. When the U.S. Navy sails its warships into the Gulf of Alaska, they will engage in military maneuvers and possibly drop bombs, launch torpedoes and missiles, and engage in activities that stand a significant chance of poisoning those once-pristine waters, while it prepares for future battles elsewhere on the planet.  Think of it as a war against wildlife, an assault on the environment and local coastal communities.

    • It’s war in the Gulf of Alaska. The U.S. Navy will engage in military maneuvers and possibly drop bombs, launch torpedoes and missiles, and engage in activities that stand a significant chance of poisoning those once-pristine waters, while it prepares for future battles elsewhere on the planet. Think of it as a war against wildlife, an assault on the environment and local coastal communities. It’s war in the Gulf of Alaska. The U.S. Navy will engage in military maneuvers and possibly drop bombs, launch torpedoes and missiles, and engage in activities that stand a significant chance of poisoning those once-pristine waters, while it prepares for future battles elsewhere on the planet. Think of it as a war against wildlife, an assault on the environment and local coastal communities.

    • Proven US aliance lying over chemical weapons attack and Trump pretext for destruction of Syria.The Russian and Syrian denials are true if they are innocent and lies if they are guilty of the suspected chemical weapons attack that killed 90 people including 30 children in Syria. However Trump, US and US Alliance certitude over Russian and Syrian guilt is clear, proven, warmongering lying in the absence of findings from expert and independent investigators. Meanwhile a mass murdering, child-killing Trump continues to make endless war on famine-wracked Somalia and Yemen where half of the starving populations of 11.2 million and 27.9 million, respectively, are children. Proven US aliance lying over chemical weapons attack and Trump pretext for destruction of Syria.The Russian and Syrian denials are true if they are innocent and lies if they are guilty of the suspected chemical weapons attack that killed 90 people including 30 children in Syria. However Trump, US and US Alliance certitude over Russian and Syrian guilt is clear, proven, warmongering lying in the absence of findings from expert and independent investigators. Meanwhile a mass murdering, child-killing Trump continues to make endless war on famine-wracked Somalia and Yemen where half of the starving populations of 11.2 million and 27.9 million, respectively, are children.

    • The US has no international mandate to work as the custodian of any world order. There’s nothing called “US exceptionalism” in any textbook on international law or diplomacy. Any unilateral invasion of another country, without prior approval from the UN Security Council, is a flagrant violation of international law, hence a war crime. The US has no international mandate to work as the custodian of any world order. There’s nothing called “US exceptionalism” in any textbook on international law or diplomacy. Any unilateral invasion of another country, without prior approval from the UN Security Council, is a flagrant violation of international law, hence a war crime.

    • Trump wants to hand $54 billion more to one of the world's biggest drivers of climate catastrophe. But Trump’s proposal is also dangerous for a less-examined reason: the U.S. military is a key climate polluter, likely the “largest organizational user of petroleum in the world,” according to a congressional report released in December 2012. Beyond its immediate carbon footprint—which is difficult to measure—the U.S. military has placed countless countries under the thumb of western oil giants. Social movements have long sounded the alarm over the link between U.S.-led militarism and climate change, yet the Pentagon continues to evade accountability. Trump wants to hand $54 billion more to one of the world's biggest drivers of climate catastrophe. But Trump’s proposal is also dangerous for a less-examined reason: the U.S. military is a key climate polluter, likely the “largest organizational user of petroleum in the world,” according to a congressional report released in December 2012. Beyond its immediate carbon footprint—which is difficult to measure—the U.S. military has placed countless countries under the thumb of western oil giants. Social movements have long sounded the alarm over the link between U.S.-led militarism and climate change, yet the Pentagon continues to evade accountability.

    • The overlooked climate footprint of the U.S. military. The U.S. Department of Defense is the world’s single largest consumer of energy, using more energy in the course of its daily operations than any other private or public organization, as well as more than 100 nations. The overlooked climate footprint of the U.S. military. The U.S. Department of Defense is the world’s single largest consumer of energy, using more energy in the course of its daily operations than any other private or public organization, as well as more than 100 nations.

    • Spreading environmental harm across the globe. The American military empire, and the environmental harm it spreads, expands far beyond U.S. borders. The United States probably has more foreign military bases than any other people, nation, or empire in history, numbering over 1000. This military presence brings large-scale environmental destruction to the land and peoples across the globe through dumping, leaks, weapons testing, energy consumption, and waste. Spreading environmental harm across the globe. The American military empire, and the environmental harm it spreads, expands far beyond U.S. borders. The United States probably has more foreign military bases than any other people, nation, or empire in history, numbering over 1000. This military presence brings large-scale environmental destruction to the land and peoples across the globe through dumping, leaks, weapons testing, energy consumption, and waste.

    • The oil industry is tied to wars and conflicts around the world. It has been estimated that between one-quarter and one-half of all interstate wars since 1973 have been linked to oil, and that oil-producing countries are 50 percent more likely to have civil wars. Some of these conflicts are fought at the behest of western oil companies, in collaboration with local militaries, to quell dissent. The oil industry is tied to wars and conflicts around the world. It has been estimated that between one-quarter and one-half of all interstate wars since 1973 have been linked to oil, and that oil-producing countries are 50 percent more likely to have civil wars. Some of these conflicts are fought at the behest of western oil companies, in collaboration with local militaries, to quell dissent.

    • Oil wealth is central to the global arms trade, as evidenced by the heavy imports of the oil-rich Saudi government. According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Saudi Arabia was the world’s second largest arms importer in 2012-16, with an increase of 212 percent compared with 2007–11. During this period, the U.S. was the top major arms exporter in the world, accounting for 33 percent of all exports, SIPRI determines. Oil wealth is central to the global arms trade, as evidenced by the heavy imports of the oil-rich Saudi government. According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Saudi Arabia was the world’s second largest arms importer in 2012-16, with an increase of 212 percent compared with 2007–11. During this period, the U.S. was the top major arms exporter in the world, accounting for 33 percent of all exports, SIPRI determines.

    • Some organizations are getting concrete about what it looks like to stage a “just transition” away from a military and fossil fuels economy. ‘No war, no warming’! Some organizations are getting concrete about what it looks like to stage a “just transition” away from a military and fossil fuels economy. ‘No war, no warming’!

    • Trump attacks Syria: a gambit and a War Crime. Syria is possibly the most secular country where Shia, Sunni, Maronite, Druze, Christian, atheists, pagans, and women enjoy much more freedom and equal opportunities than anywhere else in the Muslim World. If promotion of democracy and freedom is the prime US objective in Syria, one wonders as to why it is teaming up with Saudi Arabia and its reactionary allies, the thuggish Jabhat al-Nusra, Free Syrian Army, and last but not least, ISIS! As Fareed Zakaria told CNN, ISIS is a bigger threat to the free world than the Assad regime. “The weaker Assad gets, ISIS becomes stronger”, he spelled out. Despite the sound and fury about Trump’s missile attack in Syria – which amounts to war crime – it’s nothing more than a balderdash, so much so that it’s only going to boost Trump’s sinking popularity among Americans, who are historically great admirers of presidents who invade countries and kill tens of thousands of civilians, in the pursuit of democracy, freedom, and glory for the “Greatest Nation on Earth”. Trump attacks Syria: a gambit and a War Crime. Syria is possibly the most secular country where Shia, Sunni, Maronite, Druze, Christian, atheists, pagans, and women enjoy much more freedom and equal opportunities than anywhere else in the Muslim World. If promotion of democracy and freedom is the prime US objective in Syria, one wonders as to why it is teaming up with Saudi Arabia and its reactionary allies, the thuggish Jabhat al-Nusra, Free Syrian Army, and last but not least, ISIS! As Fareed Zakaria told CNN, ISIS is a bigger threat to the free world than the Assad regime. “The weaker Assad gets, ISIS becomes stronger”, he spelled out. Despite the sound and fury about Trump’s missile attack in Syria – which amounts to war crime – it’s nothing more than a balderdash, so much so that it’s only going to boost Trump’s sinking popularity among Americans, who are historically great admirers of presidents who invade countries and kill tens of thousands of civilians, in the pursuit of democracy, freedom, and glory for the “Greatest Nation on Earth”.

    • America’s current annual military expenditures are around $1.5 trillion, which is to say, almost equal to that entire global estimate of more than $1.6 trillion in 2015. America’s actual annual military budget and expenditures are unknown, because there has never been an audit of the Defense Department, though an audit has routinely been promised but never delivered, and Congresses and Presidents haven’t, for example, even so much as just threatened to cut its budget every year by 10% until it is done, there has been no accountability for the Department, at all. Corruption is welcomed at the Defense Department. Furthermore, many of the military expenditures are hidden, for instance, by funding an unknown large proportion of U.S. military functions at other federal Departments, so as for those operations not to be officially Defense Department budget and expenditures, at all. The Trillion-Dollar Defense Budget is already here. America’s current annual military expenditures are around $1.5 trillion, which is to say, almost equal to that entire global estimate of more than $1.6 trillion in 2015. America’s actual annual military budget and expenditures are unknown, because there has never been an audit of the Defense Department, though an audit has routinely been promised but never delivered, and Congresses and Presidents haven’t, for example, even so much as just threatened to cut its budget every year by 10% until it is done, there has been no accountability for the Department, at all. Corruption is welcomed at the Defense Department. Furthermore, many of the military expenditures are hidden, for instance, by funding an unknown large proportion of U.S. military functions at other federal Departments, so as for those operations not to be officially Defense Department budget and expenditures, at all. The Trillion-Dollar Defense Budget is already here.

    • Invading other nations, overthrow by means of a coup, killing people and destroying buildings, and military occupations of foreign countries are what you sell, that’s what you (as a billionaire with a controlling interest in one of the 100 top contractors to the U.S. Government) are selling to the USA, UK and France governments. Invading other nations, overthrow by means of a coup, killing people and destroying buildings, and military occupations of foreign countries are what you sell, that’s what you (as a billionaire with a controlling interest in one of the 100 top contractors to the U.S. Government) are selling to the USA, UK and France governments.

  • Chapter III) GDP, economic growth, and prosperity. GDP, economic growth, and prosperity.
    • Natural Resource Economics. Natural Resource Economics

    • Types of Natural Resources. Types of Natural Resources.

    • As a field of academic research, natural resource economics addresses the connections and interdependence between human economies and natural ecosystems. As a field of academic research, natural resource economics addresses the connections and interdependence between human economies and natural ecosystems.

    • Research topics of natural resource economists can include topics such as the environmental impacts of agriculture, transportation and urbanization, land use in poor and industrialized countries, international trade and the environment, and climate change. Research topics of natural resource economists can include topics such as the environmental impacts of agriculture, transportation and urbanization, land use in poor and industrialized countries, international trade and the environment, and climate change.

    • Externalities and Impacts on Resource Allocation. Externalities and Impacts on Resource Allocation.

    • Resource Allocation. Resource Allocation.

    • Externalities. Externalities.

    • External Costs. External Costs.

    • External Benefits. External Benefits.

    • The Importance of Productivity. The Importance of Productivity.

    • Impacts of Technological Change on Productivity. Impacts of Technological Change on Productivity.

    • Monetary Transactions. Monetary Transactions.

    • The Creation of the Federal Reserve. The Creation of the Federal Reserve.

    • Executing Expansionary Monetary Policy. Executing Expansionary Monetary Policy.

    • The major tool the Fed uses to affect the supply of reserves in the banking system is open market operations—that is, the Fed buys and sells government securities on the open market. These operations are conducted by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The major tool the Fed uses to affect the supply of reserves in the banking system is open market operations—that is, the Fed buys and sells government securities on the open market. These operations are conducted by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

    • The Balance of Payments (BOP). The Balance of Payments (BOP).

    • The Current Account. The Current Account.

    • Calculating the Current Account. Calculating the Current Account.

    • When the USA military is invading or declaring war to an other nation and destroy this other nation, then it owns it, and the reconstruction of the other nation should be an import. The rebuilding includes infrastructure, socail and housing habitats, health care, and countless activities to make this other nation (s) a sustainable place to live in. When the USA helps another nation militarily (such as Israel, Saudi Arabia) and those other nations destroy other nations using the military USA hardware and other services, then the costs of those expenses should be condidered as imports. The costs of rebuilding those other nations destroyed by friendly or allies nations are also the USA costs and should also be imports. When the USA military is invading or declaring war to an other nation and destroy this other nation, then it owns it, and the reconstruction of the other nation should be an import. The rebuilding includes infrastructure, socail and housing habitats, health care, and countless activities to make this other nation (s) a sustainable place to live in. When the USA helps another nation militarily (such as Israel, Saudi Arabia) and those other nations destroy other nations using the military USA hardware and other services, then the costs of those expenses should be condidered as imports. The costs of rebuilding those other nations destroyed by friendly or allies nations are also the USA costs and should also be imports.

    • The Financial Account (also known as the Capital Account). When Americans are buying properties and services in an other nation such as those private military advisers and oil and gas corporations doing business in an other nation, then the money spent should be part of the America financial deficit. The Financial Account (also known as the Capital Account). When Americans are buying properties and services in an other nation such as those private military advisers and oil and gas corporations doing business in an other nation, then the money spent should be part of the America financial deficit.

    • Calculating the Financial Account. (This should include all the money spent by private military advisers and businesses while America is invading an other nation.) Calculating the Financial Account. (This should include all the money spent by private military advisers and businesses while America is invading an other nation.)

    • Interest Rates and the Financial Account. Interest Rates and the Financial Account.

    • The Capital Account. The Capital Account.

    • Calculating the Capital Account. (When the USA builds a new military base (already over a thousand bases al over the world) in an other nation, then that is creating a capital account deficit.) Calculating the Capital Account. (When the USA builds a new military base (already over a thousand bases al over the world) in an other nation, then that is creating a capital account deficit.)

    • Reason for a Zero Balance. Reason for a Zero Balance.

    • Capital Flows. (When Russia and China purchased bonds from the USA, they became part of the world demand for the 'dollars'. And recently, Russia sold the bonds it had purchased from the USA. Now Russia is using its own currency to make transactions in the world. China will eventually follow.) Capital Flows. (When Russia and China purchased bonds from the USA, they became part of the world demand for the 'dollars'. And recently, Russia sold the bonds it had purchased from the USA. Now Russia is using its own currency to make transactions in the world. China will eventually follow.)

    • Equilibrium and Zero Balance. (Russia selling USA bonds and now getting rid of the dollar to do business has had the effect of diminishing the equilibrium.) Equilibrium and Zero Balance. (Russia selling USA bonds and now getting rid of the dollar to do business has had the effect of diminishing the equilibrium.)

    • Exports – imports = domestic purchases of foreign assets – foreign purchases of domestic assets. (When Russia sold the USA bonds, the foreign purchase of USA domestic assets diminished a lot and diminished the USA financial account. When China sells its USA assets the effect will create a complete shut down of the USA economy and diminish the 'dollar' as a currency to be used in the world.) Exports – imports = domestic purchases of foreign assets – foreign purchases of domestic assets. (When Russia sold the USA bonds, the foreign purchase of USA domestic assets diminished a lot and diminished the USA financial account. When China sells its USA assets the effect will create a complete shut down of the USA economy and diminish the 'dollar' as a currency to be used in the world.)

    • Exchange Rates. (During boom times when the economy is doing well, people earn more income and this translates to higher tax revenues for the government, lowering the budget deficit, at least that is what the Republican leadership should be doing instead of giving more tax breaks to rich corporations.) Exchange Rates. (During boom times when the economy is doing well, people earn more income and this translates to higher tax revenues for the government, lowering the budget deficit, at least that is what the Republican leadership should be doing instead of giving more tax breaks to rich corporations.)

    • Arguments for and against Balancing the Budget. (Knowing that the USA financial account which measures the net change in ownership of national assets which used to be flowing out of the USA when Russia and China where buying USA assets to help the nation to keep going even though it had an out of control high national debt and an increasingly high annual deficit, but now that Russia is selling the USA and China will be doing the same soon, the USA Congress should reflect in getting its House in order and produce a budget, if any, to at least admit its failure of governing with care.) Arguments for and against Balancing the Budget. (Knowing that the USA financial account which measures the net change in ownership of national assets which used to be flowing out of the USA when Russia and China where buying USA assets to help the nation to keep going even though it had an out of control high national debt and an increasingly high annual deficit, but now that Russia is selling the USA and China will be doing the same soon, the USA Congress should reflect in getting its House in order and produce a budget, if any, to at least admit its failure of governing with care.)

    • Government debt limits future government actions and can be hard to pay off because Congressmen are unwilling to do what is necessary to pay down the debt. (To sell the State of Texas to China including all its natural resources and assets should be almost enough for the USA to solve its debt problem, but that is assuming China would even consider the deal.) Government debt limits future government actions and can be hard to pay off because Congressmen are unwilling to do what is necessary to pay down the debt. (To sell the State of Texas to China including all its natural resources and assets should be almost enough for the USA to solve its debt problem, but that is assuming China would even consider the deal.)

    • Defining Capital. Defining Capital.

    • Capital, also referred to as capital goods, real capital, or capital assets. Capital, also referred to as capital goods, real capital, or capital assets.

    • Classifications of Capital. Classifications of Capital.

    • Fiscal Policy is the use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy. Fiscal Policy is the use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy.

    • The Basic Mechanics of Expansionary Monetary Policy. The Basic Mechanics of Expansionary Monetary Policy.

    • Increasing government spending, creating a budget deficit, and financing the shortfall through debt issuance are typical policy actions in an expansionary fiscal policy scenario. Increasing government spending, creating a budget deficit, and financing the shortfall through debt issuance are typical policy actions in an expansionary fiscal policy scenario.

    • Inflation can result from increased aggregate demand, but can also be caused by expansionary monetary policy or supply shocks that cause large price changes. Inflation can result from increased aggregate demand, but can also be caused by expansionary monetary policy or supply shocks that cause large price changes.

    • Inflation targeting is an economic policy in which a central bank publicly determines a target inflation rate and then attempts to steer actual inflation towards the target. Inflation targeting is an economic policy in which a central bank publicly determines a target inflation rate and then attempts to steer actual inflation towards the target.

    • Interest rate. Interest rate.

    • What Causes Inflation? What Causes Inflation?

    • Market Equilibrium. Market Equilibrium.

    • Open Economy. An open economy can import and export without any barriers to trade, such as quotas and tariffs. Open Economy. An open economy can import and export without any barriers to trade, such as quotas and tariffs.

    • Long-run economic growth is measured as the percentage rate increase in the real gross domestic product. The GDP is defined as the market value of all officially recognized final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time. Long-run economic growth is measured as the percentage rate increase in the real gross domestic product. The GDP is defined as the market value of all officially recognized final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time.

    • Global Economic Growth. Global Economic Growth.

    • Government Activity.

    • Economic growth has the potential to make all people richer, but may have downsides such as increased inequality and environmental impacts. Compare and contrast the consequences of economies in which growth is a goal. Economic growth has the potential to make all people richer, but may have downsides such as increased inequality and environmental impacts. Compare and contrast the consequences of economies in which growth is a goal.

    • Arguments in Favor of Growth. Arguments in Favor of Growth.

    • Arguments Opposed to Growth. Arguments Opposed to Growth.

    • Global Economic Growth. Global Economic Growth.

    • Is Economic Growth a Good Goal? There are a number of other factors that must be taken into account such as GDP per capita, energy consumption, pollution metrics, education levels, innovation, environmental issues, societal repercussions, etc. It is difficult to compare countries across large time horizons, but, after controlling for as many of these effects as you can, comparisons are possible. The concept of uneconomic growth postulates that the costs of economic growth may outweigh the benefits, those costs being the environmental and societal repercussions. Is Economic Growth a Good Goal? There are a number of other factors that must be taken into account such as GDP per capita, energy consumption, pollution metrics, education levels, innovation, environmental issues, societal repercussions, etc. It is difficult to compare countries across large time horizons, but, after controlling for as many of these effects as you can, comparisons are possible. The concept of uneconomic growth postulates that the costs of economic growth may outweigh the benefits, those costs being the environmental and societal repercussions.

    • Why is Growth Good? Why is Growth Good?

    • Drawbacks to Economic Growth. Drawbacks to Economic Growth.

    • GDP and Growth. GDP and Growth.

    • Impact of Education on GDP. Impact of Education on GDP.

    • Calculating Real GDP. Calculating Real GDP.

    • The Gross domestic Product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time. The Gross domestic Product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time.

    • Nominal GDP. Nominal GDP.

    • Real GDP. Real GDP.

    • Government Barriers to Free Trade. Government Barriers to Free Trade.

    • Government Promotion of Free Trade. Government Promotion of Free Trade.

    • Trade Policies. Trade Policies.

    • National Security Argument. National Security Argument.

    • Intellectual Property. Intellectual Property.

    • Mergers, Acquisitions, and Market Dominance. Mergers, Acquisitions, and Market Dominance.

    • Jobs Argument. Jobs Argument.

    • Trade Balance. Trade Balance.

    • Outsourcing. Outsourcing.

    • Trade Restriction Strategies. Trade Restriction Strategies.

    • A Summary of International Trade Agreement. A Summary of International Trade Agreement.

    • World Trade Organization (WTO). World Trade Organization (WTO).

    • North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), now being replaced by the USMCA. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), now being replaced by the USMCA.

    • Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC).

    • BRICS: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. BRICS: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.

    • Quotas are limitations on imported goods, come in an absolute or tariff-rate varieties, and affect supply in the domestic economy. Quotas are limitations on imported goods, come in an absolute or tariff-rate varieties, and affect supply in the domestic economy.

    • Types of Quotas. Types of Quotas.

    • Reasons to Implement Quotas. Reasons to Implement Quotas.

    • Other Barriers. Barriers to trade include specific limitations to trade, customs procedures, governmental participation, and technical barriers to trade. Other Barriers. Barriers to trade include specific limitations to trade, customs procedures, governmental participation, and technical barriers to trade.

    • Defining Health Care. Defining Health Care.

    • Where the Money Goes? While a percentage breakdown of who procures the largest capital gains from health care is difficult to ascertain across such a complex system, it is safe to say that quite a few players contribute to the constantly rising price of even simple procedures and doctor’s visits. Where the Money Goes? While a percentage breakdown of who procures the largest capital gains from health care is difficult to ascertain across such a complex system, it is safe to say that quite a few players contribute to the constantly rising price of even simple procedures and doctor’s visits.

    • Externalities in the Health Care Market. An externality is any impact, be it positive or negative, on individuals or groups not involved in a given economic transaction. That is to say, an externality is something that affects other people outside of the particular parties involved in an exchange. A classic example of externalities is the automobile. Cars consistently produce air pollution whenever they are driven, slowly eroding the health of our ecosystem. This cost is shouldered not only by the driver of the vehicle, but also by every living thing on the planet. This is an example of parties not involved in the transaction (selling or buying the vehicle) being impacted, in this case negatively. Environmental Degradation: Health care produces a great deal of chemical waste, requires a great deal of emissions (ambulances, etc.) and alters the natural ecological environment of bacteria. Externalities in the Health Care Market. An externality is any impact, be it positive or negative, on individuals or groups not involved in a given economic transaction. That is to say, an externality is something that affects other people outside of the particular parties involved in an exchange. A classic example of externalities is the automobile. Cars consistently produce air pollution whenever they are driven, slowly eroding the health of our ecosystem. This cost is shouldered not only by the driver of the vehicle, but also by every living thing on the planet. This is an example of parties not involved in the transaction (selling or buying the vehicle) being impacted, in this case negatively. Environmental Degradation: Health care produces a great deal of chemical waste, requires a great deal of emissions (ambulances, etc.) and alters the natural ecological environment of bacteria.

    • The Agricultural Market Landscape. The Agricultural Market Landscape.

    • The United States currently pays out around $20 billion annually to farmers and producers in agriculture in the form of subsidies via farm bills in order to artificially reduce prices and shift the supply curve outward to ensure the overall supply in the market is high enough to satisfy all prospective consumers. The United States currently pays out around $20 billion annually to farmers and producers in agriculture in the form of subsidies via farm bills in order to artificially reduce prices and shift the supply curve outward to ensure the overall supply in the market is high enough to satisfy all prospective consumers.

    • Climate Change. Environmental concerns have also been widely cited as a reductive influence on the agriculture market. Global warming has been slowly increasing temperatures as the ozone layer erodes due to a variety of pollutants, altering the ecosystem averages outside of the evolutionary environment in which many agricultural products historically grew. Climate changes means a different growing environment for plants, which are not used to it. There is a reduction in yield as a result of altering climatic environments. Shifts in climate drastically reduce aggregate supply. Climate Change. Environmental concerns have also been widely cited as a reductive influence on the agriculture market. Global warming has been slowly increasing temperatures as the ozone layer erodes due to a variety of pollutants, altering the ecosystem averages outside of the evolutionary environment in which many agricultural products historically grew. Climate changes means a different growing environment for plants, which are not used to it. There is a reduction in yield as a result of altering climatic environments. Shifts in climate drastically reduce aggregate supply.

    • The political frame of the agriculture market is complex, with a wide range of critical concerns that need to be addressed both domestically and internationally. The political frame of the agriculture market is complex, with a wide range of critical concerns that need to be addressed both domestically and internationally.

    • Policy Concerns. Policy Concerns.

    • Numbers of Immigrants around the World. Numbers of Immigrants around the World.

    • Impact of Immigration on the Host and Home Country Economies. Impact of Immigration on the Host and Home Country Economies.

    • Impacts on the Host Country.

    • Impacts on the Home Country. Impacts on the Home Country.


  • Chapter IV) Vision of a new economic system giving rise to an adapting, evolving, surviving, successful and hopeful world with limits. Vision of a new economic system giving rise to an adapting, evolving, surviving, successful and hopeful world with limits.
    • Global social sustainability to save all life on Earth. Global social sustainability to save all life on Earth.

    • To offer the young free education and free university education as it is a fundamental human right. To offer the young free education and free university education as it is a fundamental human right.

    • Corporate 1 % should pay for the climate crisis. Corporate 1 % should pay for the climate crisis.

    • It's time to start teaching kids about climate change. It's time to start teaching kids about climate change.

    • Transitioning to renewable energy is more cost-effective than the present system. Transitioning to renewable energy is more cost-effective than the present system.

    • What must be done to keep global temperature rise below 2C? What must be done to keep global temperature rise below 2C?

    • Climate Change has already affected nearly every ecosystem on Earth. Climate Change has already affected nearly every ecosystem on Earth.

    • The time for direct action on climate change is now. The time for direct action on climate change is now.

    • To encourage sustainable ecological stewardship by reinvesting externalized costs, i.e., profits, into the preservation of resources, and transforming global resources into Commons. To encourage sustainable ecological stewardship by reinvesting externalized costs, i.e., profits, into the preservation of resources, and transforming global resources into Commons.

    • To transform a natural resource into a commons. To transform a natural resource into a commons.

    • An effective global resource commons. An effective global resource commons.

    • A growing number of both suppliers and consumers who long for the opportunity to preserve the natural resources, will be motivated to preserve the resources they use and to prevent others from continuing to externalize costs. A growing number of both suppliers and consumers who long for the opportunity to preserve the natural resources, will be motivated to preserve the resources they use and to prevent others from continuing to externalize costs.

    • The imminent collapse of industrial civilization means we’ll have to organize human communities in a much different fashion from the completely unsustainable, highly-centralized, earth-destroying, globalized system we have now: capitalism of the global 1%. The imminent collapse of industrial civilization means we’ll have to organize human communities in a much different fashion from the completely unsustainable, highly-centralized, earth-destroying, globalized system we have now: capitalism of the global 1%.

    • A commons must have the capacity to self-regulate its relations with the market and to assure that significant aspects of its common wealth and social relationships remain inalienable, not for sale via market exchange. A commons must be able to develop “semi-permeable boundaries” that enable it to safely interact with markets on its own terms. A commons must have the capacity to self-regulate its relations with the market and to assure that significant aspects of its common wealth and social relationships remain inalienable, not for sale via market exchange. A commons must be able to develop “semi-permeable boundaries” that enable it to safely interact with markets on its own terms.

    • Contemporary struggles for protection of commons appear to be strongly intertwined with ecological matters which implies that there a direct link between the commons and ecology. Contemporary struggles for protection of commons appear to be strongly intertwined with ecological matters which implies that there a direct link between the commons and ecology.

    • A state has very different ideas than commoners about how power, governance and accountability should be structured.  A state is also far more eager to strike tight, cozy alliances with investors, businesses and financial institutions because of its own desires to share in the benefits of markets, and particularly, tax revenues.  A state has very different ideas than commoners about how power, governance and accountability should be structured.  A state is also far more eager to strike tight, cozy alliances with investors, businesses and financial institutions because of its own desires to share in the benefits of markets, and particularly, tax revenues. 

    • We are entering in an age of aggressive privatization and degradation of commons: from privatization of water resources, through internet surveillance, to extreme air pollution. What should be the priorities of the movements fighting for protection of the commons? What about their organizational structure? We are entering in an age of aggressive privatization and degradation of commons: from privatization of water resources, through internet surveillance, to extreme air pollution. What should be the priorities of the movements fighting for protection of the commons? What about their organizational structure?

    • Why America is terrified of Russia and China? Russia and China quietly advancing their agreement to progressively replace the US dollar's reserve status with a gold-backed system. Why America is terrified of Russia and China? Russia and China quietly advancing their agreement to progressively replace the US dollar's reserve status with a gold-backed system.

    • Beijing’s “Belt and Road” initiative, towards an economy of Peace? Beijing’s “Belt and Road” initiative, towards an economy of Peace?

    • Solution to avoid the worst impacts of Climate Change. Solution to avoid the worst impacts of Climate Change.

    • The relentless need of people for consumption coupled with the relentless appetite of capitalists for accumulation, is sustaining the planetary crisis, and so the battle for survival is economized and clogged. Despite technological progress, the unholy alliance between human nature and institutional structure creates a dangerous strong-minded and reckless attitude that diminishes prospects for a livable future. The relentless need of people for consumption coupled with the relentless appetite of capitalists for accumulation, is sustaining the planetary crisis, and so the battle for survival is economized and clogged. Despite technological progress, the unholy alliance between human nature and institutional structure creates a dangerous strong-minded and reckless attitude that diminishes prospects for a livable future.

    • A legally imposed contraction of the fossil energy supply and a rapid global conversion to renewable energy. A legally imposed contraction of the fossil energy supply and a rapid global conversion to renewable energy.

    • A united Iran, Russia and China are changing the world for the better. Iran, Russia and China have fully understood that union and cooperation are the only means for mutual reinforcement. The need to fight a common problem, represented by a growing American influence in domestic affairs, has forced Tehran, Beijing and Moscow to resolve their differences and embrace a unified strategy in the common interest of defending their sovereignty. A united Iran, Russia and China are changing the world for the better. Iran, Russia and China have fully understood that union and cooperation are the only means for mutual reinforcement. The need to fight a common problem, represented by a growing American influence in domestic affairs, has forced Tehran, Beijing and Moscow to resolve their differences and embrace a unified strategy in the common interest of defending their sovereignty.

    • Economic integration. Economic integration.

    • Beyond state capitalism: the commons economy in our lifetimes. Because our forbears did not account for the biophysical flow of material resources from the environment through the production process and back into the environment, the real worth of natural resources and social labor is not factored into the economy. It is this centralized, hierarchical model that has led to the degradation and devaluation of our commons. Beyond state capitalism: the commons economy in our lifetimes. Because our forbears did not account for the biophysical flow of material resources from the environment through the production process and back into the environment, the real worth of natural resources and social labor is not factored into the economy. It is this centralized, hierarchical model that has led to the degradation and devaluation of our commons.

    • Requirements for ensuring a socially just, economically secure and ecologically stable global environment. Requirements for ensuring a socially just, economically secure and ecologically stable global environment.

    • Climate Change is an environmental issue and also a human rights issue. Climate Change is an environmental issue and also a human rights issue.

    • To Save the planet, businesses and investors must be a part of the solution. To Save the planet, businesses and investors must be a part of the solution.

    • The assumption of unchecked exponential growth makes no sense. Production facilities would have to be built for the necessary solar panel and wind turbines. The assumption of unchecked exponential growth makes no sense. Production facilities would have to be built for the necessary solar panel and wind turbines.

    • Our current economic systems have become addicted to “growth at all costs”, as measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP). They assume that GDP growth is synonymous with increasing wellbeing and prosperity. However this approach has led to growing inequality, an escalating climate crisis, and the depletion of natural and social capital. We are no longer generating genuine progress. Our approach to economics and development needs fundamental transformation. Our current economic systems have become addicted to “growth at all costs”, as measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP). They assume that GDP growth is synonymous with increasing wellbeing and prosperity. However this approach has led to growing inequality, an escalating climate crisis, and the depletion of natural and social capital. We are no longer generating genuine progress. Our approach to economics and development needs fundamental transformation.

    • BRICS, the potential and future in an emerging new world economy. BRICS, the potential and future in an emerging new world economy.

    • Trade between Brics and the dollar. Trade between Brics and the dollar.

    • Brics development bank vs World Bank. Brics development bank vs World Bank.

    • Challenging the Dollar: China and Russia's Plan from Petroyuan to Gold. Challenging the Dollar: China and Russia's Plan from Petroyuan to Gold.

    • The reason why the United States has been able to fuel this global demand for dollars is linked to the need for other countries to own dollars in order to be able to buy oil and other goods. It may seem unbelievable, but practically all countries until a few years ago used US dollars to trade amongst each other, even countries that were anti-American and against US imperialist policies. The reason why the United States has been able to fuel this global demand for dollars is linked to the need for other countries to own dollars in order to be able to buy oil and other goods. It may seem unbelievable, but practically all countries until a few years ago used US dollars to trade amongst each other, even countries that were anti-American and against US imperialist policies.

    • This economic arrangement has allowed Washington to achieve an unparalleled strategic advantage over its geopolitical opponents (initially the USSR, now Russia and China), namely, a practically unlimited dollar spending capacity even as it accumulates an astronomical public debt (over 21 trillion dollars). The destabilizing factor for the global economy has been Washington's ability to accumulate enormous amounts of public debt without having to worry about the consequences or even of any possible mistrust international markets may have for the dollar. Countries simply needed dollars for trade and bought US treasures to diversify their financial assets. This economic arrangement has allowed Washington to achieve an unparalleled strategic advantage over its geopolitical opponents (initially the USSR, now Russia and China), namely, a practically unlimited dollar spending capacity even as it accumulates an astronomical public debt (over 21 trillion dollars). The destabilizing factor for the global economy has been Washington's ability to accumulate enormous amounts of public debt without having to worry about the consequences or even of any possible mistrust international markets may have for the dollar. Countries simply needed dollars for trade and bought US treasures to diversify their financial assets.

    • In recent years, it has become clear to many nations opposing Washington that the only way to adequately contain the fallout from the collapsing US empire is to progressively abandon the dollar. This serves to limit Washington’s capacity for military spending by creating the necessary alternative tools in the financial and economic realms that will eliminate Washington's dominance. This is essential in the Russo-Sino-Iranian strategy to unite Eurasia and thereby render the US irrelevant. De-dollarization for Beijing, Moscow and Tehran has become a strategic priority. Eliminating the unlimited spending capacity of the FED and the American economy means limiting US imperialist expansion and diminishing globald estabilization. Without the usual US military power to strengthen and impose the use of US dollars, China, Russia and Iran have paved the way for important shifts in the global order. In recent years, it has become clear to many nations opposing Washington that the only way to adequately contain the fallout from the collapsing US empire is to progressively abandon the dollar. This serves to limit Washington’s capacity for military spending by creating the necessary alternative tools in the financial and economic realms that will eliminate Washington's dominance. This is essential in the Russo-Sino-Iranian strategy to unite Eurasia and thereby render the US irrelevant. De-dollarization for Beijing, Moscow and Tehran has become a strategic priority. Eliminating the unlimited spending capacity of the FED and the American economy means limiting US imperialist expansion and diminishing globald estabilization. Without the usual US military power to strengthen and impose the use of US dollars, China, Russia and Iran have paved the way for important shifts in the global order.

    • For China, Iran and Russia, as well as other countries, de-dollarizationhas become a pressing issue. The number of countries that are beginning to see the benefits of a decentralized system, as opposed to the US dollar system, is increasing. Iran and India, but also Iran and Russia, have often traded hydrocarbons in exchange for primary goods, thereby bypassing American sanctions. For China, Iran and Russia, as well as other countries, de-dollarizationhas become a pressing issue. The number of countries that are beginning to see the benefits of a decentralized system, as opposed to the US dollar system, is increasing. Iran and India, but also Iran and Russia, have often traded hydrocarbons in exchange for primary goods, thereby bypassing American sanctions.

    • The climate crisis and economic policy choices. The climate crisis and economic policy choices.

    • To grow the economy and reduce carbon emissions at the same time can be done with various proponents of degrowth not denying that it is possible to increase the efficiency with which energy and materials are used in the economy. They do not deny that the amount of carbon emitted per unit of output can be decreased. To grow the economy and reduce carbon emissions at the same time can be done with various proponents of degrowth not denying that it is possible to increase the efficiency with which energy and materials are used in the economy. They do not deny that the amount of carbon emitted per unit of output can be decreased

    • An organised agency can be found with the political will and power to set an absolute ceiling on the amount of carbon based fuels that are allowed into the economy. An organised agency can be found with the political will and power to set an absolute ceiling on the amount of carbon based fuels that are allowed into the economy.

    • A policy that would lead to a very dramatic process of “degrowth” because production is dependent on energy. With fossil energy availability radically reduced by a cap that really bites, the amount of production in the economy would be driven downwards. A policy that would lead to a very dramatic process of “degrowth” because production is dependent on energy. With fossil energy availability radically reduced by a cap that really bites, the amount of production in the economy would be driven downwards.

    • The Earth’s atmosphere is a Nature's resource that ought to be managed as a global commons. The Earth’s atmosphere is a Nature's resource that ought to be managed as a global commons.

    • Why the Extinction Crisis Isn't Just About the Environment, but Social Justice. An anti-capitalist movement against extinction must be framed in terms of a refusal to turn land, people, flora, and fauna into commodities. The genomic information of plants, animals, and human beings is the common wealth of  the planet, and all efforts to make use of this environmental commons must be framed around principles of equality, solidarity, and environmental and climate justice. Why the Extinction Crisis Isn't Just About the Environment, but Social Justice. An anti-capitalist movement against extinction must be framed in terms of a refusal to turn land, people, flora, and fauna into commodities. The genomic information of plants, animals, and human beings is the common wealth of  the planet, and all efforts to make use of this environmental commons must be framed around principles of equality, solidarity, and environmental and climate justice.

    • The capital for a guaranteed income program for biodiversity hotspots. The capital for a guaranteed income program for biodiversity hotspots.

    • Economic growth (measured as Gross Domestic Product) and value are seen as the same. Meanwhile, the actual value generated outside of market capitalism – the “care economy,” social labor, eco-stewardship, digital communities and commons – are mostly ignored or considered merely personal (“values”).  These types of “value” are seen as extraneous to “the economy.” My colleagues and I wondered if it would be possible to develop a post-capitalist, commons-friendly theory of value that could begin to represent and defend these other types of value. Economic growth (measured as Gross Domestic Product) and value are seen as the same. Meanwhile, the actual value generated outside of market capitalism – the “care economy,” social labor, eco-stewardship, digital communities and commons – are mostly ignored or considered merely personal (“values”).  These types of “value” are seen as extraneous to “the economy.” My colleagues and I wondered if it would be possible to develop a post-capitalist, commons-friendly theory of value that could begin to represent and defend these other types of value.

    • Cities need to begin making preparations for the incoming tides, and many coastal towns, both in the U.S. and around the world. Cities need to begin making preparations for the incoming tides, and many coastal towns, both in the U.S. and around the world.

    • The global socioeconomic system of capitalism, is forcing us to work harder to surpass previous consumption and population numbers until we have devoured everything that maintains life, ending up with a polluted, lifeless, and a scorched planet. The global socioeconomic system of capitalism, is forcing us to work harder to surpass previous consumption and population numbers until we have devoured everything that maintains life, ending up with a polluted, lifeless, and a scorched planet.



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Work done by Global Community over the past 39 years. Global Community stands for a direct democracy.

Note:

The following 4 listings:

1) Vision of Earth in 2024: Global Parliament. Federation of 9 or more Global Governments. Global Constitution. Global Protection Agency (GPA). Global Ministries. Global Law. Scale of Global Rights. Direct Democracy. Diplomacy. Essential Services to all member nations. Vision 2024.

2) Vision 2024. Higher purpose of Global Community.Vision 2024.

3) Vision of Earth in 2024: Evolution, Constitution, Federation of Global Governments vs the United Nations (UN). Global Parliament governing institutions and bodies. Economic warfare.

4) Vision 2024. Politics and Justice without borders.Vision 2024.

show a short description of the work done by Global Community over the past 39 years. A listing of all the work done from year 1985 to 2024 follows below here after the title "Table of Contents". And a more complete listing of all our work done ever since 1985 starts with the title:

GC_1.Global Community stands for a direct democracy.

and ends with the title

GC_101. Global Community is declaring a moratorium on immigration all over the world, on all applications for immigration, until applicants from any religious or cultural background have satisfied completely Global Community standard for a population fertility rate of 1.3 children per family. That is Global Law. 

Those 101 listings describe all the work done since 1985, and where it can be found. Follow the links! All links can take you to hundreds of other links concerning our work done over the past 39 years. Participate in the Global Dialogue 2024 by sending us an email at:

germaindufour4@gmail.com

Participate and add your name to the Participants Listing and/or the Authors Listing at:

Global participants files.jj
List of all Participants and Authors with their work from 1985 to 2024.jj
All work can be found in Global Proceedings.jj

 
  • Vision of Earth in 2024: Global Parliament. Federation of 9 or more Global Governments. Global Constitution. Global Protection Agency (GPA). Global Ministries. Global Law. Scale of Global Rights. Direct Democracy. Diplomacy. Essential Services to all member nations. Vision 2024.