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When humanity first discovered a way to control fire at will, humanity dreamt about all the benefits of such power over Nature and, over the thousands of years following this discovery, humanity realized all its dreams of
having this control. It was good, and more. A matter of survival! Humanity was discovering itself as we are doing today with Global Law.
Global Law is like the control over fire. Global Law is the control over ourselves as a species, our human nature, for our own survival. Humanity discovering itself. We know Global Law is needed! Humanity knows it is a matter of survival. We know it in ourselves just like humanity knew the control over fire was going to be beneficial. Let us all dream about the benefits of Global Law, and what they will do to our survival as a species. Dreams will be realized soon after. More likely sooner than later. During the past thousands of years humanity has lived with the life program information transferred into the brain via two ways: our genes, and education and upbringing. The mechanism of biological information protection did the rest. We are lock, stock, and barrel with the old stock. In a way! Today our species is evolving to rid itself of the old thoughts that are threatening its future and survival. This is a survival reaction and is very real. Our species will accomplish the evolutionary leap within a generation. The next step is the creation of new thoughts, thousands of them. Healthy thoughts! The kind that will sustain Earth. This was accomplished through the Global Dialogue process. 
There is a way to make things right for all life on Earth. We have to face the fact that the species survival reaction is here and is growing. We see today the seeds of this reaction which includes all social, political and religious aspects of our lives. All of our ways and values are changing and evolving. Global Civilization is giving proper guidance.  The establisment and working
of Global Law is now the goal to achieve.
The control over fire now requires the control of ourselves as a People, one humanity, as the Global Community, over the destructive impacts of our activities on the planet. We just need to use our brain a bit more, that is to understand better what we are doing to the global environment and the global life-support systems, and to act accordingly. Over time, the control over fire has had consequences that can bring about our own destruction, the end of humanity and of life on Earth. Our activities are causing the global warming of the planet. Think about how this is done! A fire requires three basic elements: a burning substance, a spark and Oxygen. No fire can exist without all three elements. Combustion or burning is a chemical reaction in which a fuel combines with Oxygen, releasing heat and producing an oxide. The commonest types of fuel are organic materials containing carbon and hydrogen, from which the waste products are typically carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide, water and sometimes smoke. It is clear that human activities are putting tremendous quantities of CO2 into the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels. 
Vehicle exhausts, coal-burning power plant, factory
smokestacks, and other waste vents of the industrial age now pump billions of metric tons of CO2 greenhouse gases into the Earth’s
atmosphere each year from fossil fuel combustion. There is evidence that concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere are related to global temperatures. Evidence is from a variety of sources and reflects
relationships between gas concentrations and temperatures over a wide range of time scales. Whenever there is an increase in CO2 concentrations
there is also an increase in the temperature of the air. Since monitoring began in the 50s, fossil fuels burning was found to be the major contributor of the
increase in CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere and, therefore, of the increase in air temperature causing global warming of the planet.
Concentrations have increased approximately 21% since 1958. The average rate of increase since 1958 has been about 0.4%/year, which is an absolute increase
of about 1.5 parts per million by volume (ppmv). CO2 persists for a long time in the
atmosphere and has a residence time in the order of decades to a century.
Greenhouse gas emissions have increased at the same rate as the overall world economic production, measured by the Gross World Product (GWP). The GWP reflects the increase in worldwide industrialization and human population levels. The use of fossil fuels in transportation, industry, heating and power generation throughout the world has increased steadily over the past 40 years. This has resulted in increases in greenhouse gas emissions. Global warming findings predict that increased amounts of CO2 tend to increase the greenhouse effect and thus cause a man-made global warming. The widespread opinion that there is currently a warming phase and that the increased carbon dioxide amounts are a major contributor to it has led to widespread support for international agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol which aim to regulate the release of CO2 into the atmosphere. Various scenarios of future emissions due to human activities predict that increased atmospheric concentrations equivalent to a doubling of CO2 by 2100 is unavoidable, and a tripling or greater by that time is a distinct possibility. Now we see that the control over fire has brought us close to the extinction of our species and that of all life on the planet. We must now control our activities to benefit all life. The burning of fossil fuels is no longer an option and need to be replaced by processes none-threatening to the global life-support systems. That is today's challenge. And that is the reason for researching and developing Global Law. Global Law a) The Portal of the Global Civilization is being researched and developed by members of the Executive Council of Global Ministers The Global Community has had work on the global law, codes and standards aspects and issues ever since 1985. A short list of our previous work on global law, codes and standards aspects and issues. 
For more recent work on the global law, codes and standards aspects and issues read the following table.
Subject: global law
Subject: Re: Global Law
Building global communities
Part I of this global dialogue was conducted on February 2005. Read about the report. |
Rights of direct democracy |
Rights of direct democracy are defined in Chapter 10.6.3 of the Global Constitution, 
and in Article 10 of Chapter 9. It is defined as a community right.
Direct democracy is the right of global citizens to hold referendums on any issue -- and to veto legislation.
Direct Democracy implies that:
Direct democracy is important to sustain life on the planet but its position on the Scale of Human and Earth Rights gives it its overall importance. 'Direct democracy' is very much like a voting system based on 'proportional representation'. There are many
different aspects of 'direct democracy'. For instance, in a single riding there may be as many as 8 seats and and several candidates running. Parties offer voters a slate of local candidates. Voters can rank candidates of the same party,
but may also choose to give support to candidates of different parties. Voters rank as many or as few candidates as they wish. Voters can rank any number of candidates without fear their vote will be wasted by selecting unpopular
candidates. A voter’s rankings will be considered in order until that voter’s ballot can be used. When your number one choice is eliminated for lack of support your number two becomes your first choice. When a voter’s ballot is
used in support of a given candidate, but that candidate has a surplus of votes, a ballot’s unused portion will be transferred to the voter’s next choice until a ballot’s full value has been used. Most votes will count, little fear of
wasting one’s vote, no fear of vote splitting. No need to support a candidate or party you don’t really want for fear of helping elect those you like even less. You can vote authentically. This is freedom for voters. This is how
democracy is supposed to work. This voting system empowers voters more than parties because votes are for candidates not for parties. Also, candidate selection will take place at the local riding level, not at party head office. Most
importantly, voters will rank candidates of the same party as well as candidates of different parties. It maximizes choice for voters. Competition is not just between candidates of different parties but also between candidates of the
same party. This voting system is also a measure of independence from party control and that will make a very significant contribution to greater accountability in government. It will yield a legislature that mirrors the political, social,
ethnic, and geographic diversity of a population. Electing candidates in multi-member ridings ensures a broader range of political interests and issues will be represented than is possible under any other system. Preferential voting
induces a politics of cooperation, consensus, and civility.
Direct democracy comprises a form of democracy and theory of civics wherein all citizens can directly participate in the political decision-making process. Some proposed systems would give people both legislative and executive
powers, but most extant systems allow input into the legislative process only. Direct democracy in its traditional form is rule by the people through referenda. The people are given the right to pass laws, veto laws and withdraw
support from a representative (if the system has representatives) at any time.
Direct democracy in its modern sense is characterized by three pillars:
The second pillar can include the ability to hold a binding referendum on whether a given law should be scrapped. This effectively grants the populace a veto on government legislation. The third pillar gives the people the right to
recall elected officials by petition and referendum.
In Canada, the use of citizens' assemblies (also known as an estates-general in the province of Quebec), involving citizen bodies chosen at random, is growing and avoids the disadvantages of older, more plebiscitary forms of direct
democracy. The province of British Columbia recently set up a Citizens' Assembly on Electoral Reform in which members were chosen at random for each riding. The citizens' assembly has just recommended the province use Single
Transferable Voting (STV) to elect the provincial legislature. In a referendum conducted on May 17, 2005, 57% of the voters approved by this new system of voting.
Over the last year, many people throughout the world have experienced, firsthand, the fundamental principle of democracy - the right, the duty and the power of voting.
With this comes a sense of the efficacy of the electoral process.
Although democratic elections support peaceful, democratic changes, the electorates' voices rise only to address perceived national concerns. We need to extend the right to
vote to the global level. We have the right to determine and then act upon issues that affect the world and humanity as a whole, such as the environment, economics,
technology and conflict resolution. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in Article 21(3), affirms the right to vote:
"The will of the people shall be the basis
of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret
vote or by equivalent free voting procedures."
Democracy is what the Global Community wants. Direct democracy is a very useful form of democracy to be used for very important global issues.
Elections and voting |
Elections and voting bring everyone into the process of making and enforcing global law. The electoral process demonstrates the sovereignty of individuals who decide on
real global issues and who then act upon what they voted. By voting, we can enforce our political will.
To bring voting to the global level, we need to have global dialogues in which people can fully express their views, their sovereignty both horizontally and vertically.
In other words, on the horizontal plane in national voting, some people have complete access to the voting process while others have no access. In global voting,
all global citizens will have equal opportunity to participate in the decision-making process. On the vertical plane in national voting, people are limited to deciding local or regional issues. In global voting, people can decide on issues that affect the planet as a whole.
Direct democracy must be extended by empowering all humans to participate in voting on "life-or-death issues" of humanity and the earth.
Referendum voting by the Global Community on global issues can serve to point a new direction . . . toward peace instead of war, away from dissension toward unity. The world's biggest
stumbling block - national sovereignty - can be by-passed through use of the referendum method.
Through the borderless cyberspace of the Internet, all global citizens potentially can vote on the global issues that affect us as a species.
For instance, there are high priority global issues that are needed to be decided upon now:
Voting and elections are alternative forms of conflict resolution, as opposed to war. As a peaceful way of deciding how to govern ourselves, voting entails debating options,
planning for the future, and choosing our priorities as a society. However, without adequate opportunities for people to participate in pre-referendum debate, voting
at the global level could be marred by an oppressive majority. How do we counteract a majority rule that is in violation of rights of a minority? How do we temper the
voting and elections process with affirmative global action to protect silent majorities or, once everyone is on-line, minorities? It is a function of democratically
enforcing human rights law.
The threat of organized crime to the sovereign state and to world order |
The historically territorial nature of criminal law had a close correspondence with the principles of juridical
and political sovereignty.
The functions of sovereignty directly conditioned the reach and efficacy of the
prescription, application and enforcement of criminal law, with serious territorial limitations. This undermined
the efficacy of the state to control and regulate crimes having trans-state or transnational character. From an
international perspective, the global system is still largely a constitutionally state-centred system. That system
has limited the power of organised global society to control and regulate crimes of the magnitude represented
by transnational organised criminal syndicates
and gangs. In effect, it provides a loophole in our global system of law and public order. It is a dangerous
loophole because it tolerates a juridical and political vacuum within which organised crime can thrive.
The success of transnational organised crime means that vast amounts of ill-gotten proceeds are outside the
reach of organised political authority. These proceeds are better seen as bases of power and material resources
for the support of organised transnational crime. They permit it to become globally institutionalised, to become
competitive for power, to become a threat to states large and small. Indeed, organised crime might be seen to
represent an alternative normative order (a negative utopia) which supports brute force over law, order and
civility.
Organised law enforcement must be effective in
the detection, apprehension, prosecution, trial, conviction and punishment of the perpetrator. The perpetrator
is often randomly created. Even when working in groups, the deviance is ad hoc, occasional, and certainly, like
all deviant behaviour, a threat or potential threat to public order and civic freedom. When crime gravitates
from the occasional, isolated and random experience to systematic organisation and sustained practices of
institutionalised deviance, it is a particularly dangerous threat to world order. Indeed, when organised crime
marshals vast resources such as capital, functionaries and instruments of violence, the attack on public order
moves from the random and anecdotal to the systematic and sustainable. Organised crime moves from the
challenge of deviance to the challenge of an alternative structure of normative priority. Law and authority
become challenged by a 'non-law' scenario and the `values' of an immoral and amoral negative utopia, where force is the rule, and
legal authority is extinguished. Organised crime is thus a clear and present threat to the sovereignty of the
state, especially democratic states whose authority is rooted in the people. Large and powerful states may be
more capable of limiting the power of organised crime to compromise and or challenge their constitutional and
public order foundations. Smaller states may indeed be more vulnerable to the assaults and challenges of
organised crime activity. It is thus possible that some sovereign states may be politically vulnerable to the
penetration of cartels of organised crime syndicates. Some states may be effectually drug controlled or indeed
subject to levels of penetration and corruption so that they may be fairly labelled `thug' controlled. When the
level of corruption becomes so great, the term 'kleptocratic' state maybe appropriate.
The core characteristics of the challenge of organised crime to the sovereignty and independence of the
sovereign state may be that its power rests on the unrestrained use of brute, arbitrary force, intimidation and
coercion. Moreover, its reach may corrupt the vital social process of the state such as business, governance,
family, education, labour, law, and even possibly the institutions of religious affirmation. The threat organised
crime presents to sovereignty, self-determination, independence, good governance and democratic values is
serious. But the threat of organised crime to the state is even more critical. Organised crime is often
unconstrained by territorial or political boundaries. Political and juridical sovereignty may be limited by the
restraints inherent in sovereignty itself. Thus, territorial boundaries crucial to sovereign law enforcement may
be a hindrance to the control of systematic, institutionalised crime, sustained by bases of power that are
rooted in violence, with vast unaccountable financial resources and animated by the capacity to corrupt and
coerce the legitimate institutions of governance and civil society. Organised crime in this context threatens the
very constitutional foundations of world order; it is thus a threat to the rule of law, indeed to the idea of law
itself.
The world of global events, facts and occurrences require that the rule of law be more adequately defined in a more
comprehensive (universal) context and that normative values in some important degree are inherent in the
broader identification with the international rule of law. If the rule of law is seen as controversial in the
context of war and security matters, other areas of globalism may directly impact on rule of law
responsibilities, especially in the area of development which often implicates demographics, including
population policy and reproductive freedoms. In short, demographics impact upon development and the
capacity of states to deliver an adequate standard of living. Development dysfunctions can nurture criminal
behaviours and be a fertile arena for penetration by organised crime syndicates.
The socio-political reality of globalism may be symbolised by numbers and statistics. For instance, every day 365,000 babies are born in the world. Ninety per cent of these babies are
born in poor, underdeveloped countries. Notwithstanding the scope of global poverty, over 2 billion people
worldwide have significantly improved their standard of living over the past ten years. India, a country long
seen as an economic development basketcase, has the world's largest middle class (200 million). However,
there are still 750 million who live in dire poverty. China with a population of over 1 billion has one-fifth of
the earth's population. By 2027, the world population is projected to increase to about 8-9 billion.
The connections between population, development and criminal deviance may be one of the important
challenges confronting the Global Community. In other words, what exactly will be the role of the rule
of law in the new vision of global order?
Freedom, security and justice without borders (Part II) |
Introduction Global Parliament proposes an action plan with a twofold objective: Global Parliament supports creation of the concept through three different functions: To give impetus to
actions by the Global Community to deal with the threat of terrorism, Parliament sets out a number of measures
to step up
the fight against terrorism, the most significant of which is the immediate appointment of an official charged
with co-ordinating the Global Community's actions to combat terrorism. The fight against illegal immigration includes:
Crimes of racism, xenophobia and discrimination
Fundamental human and Earth rights
Global Community Arrest Warrant
Police cooperation
Criminal sanctions
Fight against corruption and organized crimes
Fight against terrorism
Fight against trafficking in human beings
Fight against ship Captains and owners dumping waste oils in oceans
Fight agaisnt car and truck manufacturers using fossil fuels
Fight against overfishing and bottom trawling
Fight against deforestation
Fight against child pornography on Internet (third report)
The implementation of the principle of transparency in government
Conclusion
Introduction
The Global Community has no intention of changing the status and privileges of state governments. In fact, state governments become primary members of the
Global Community. Global governance can only be effective within the framework of a global government or global federalism.
Effective Earth governance requires a greater understanding of what it means to live in a more crowded, interdependent humanity with finite
resources and more pollution threatening the global life-support systems. The Global Community has no other choice but to work together at
all levels. The collective power is needed to create a better world.
The Global Community shares the deep concerns of many organisations and individuals active in the Global Social Dialogue.
We believe that globalisation is currently on the wrong track, unable to eliminate poverty and to put the world on a sustainable and peaceful development path.
The Global Community will make globalisation work for everyone.
We recognise that globalisation has had both positive effects and negative ones. To overcome the negative effects,
the Global Community must promote a global sustainability through a more generous and targeted aid policy, and must allow through the
multilateral trading system the world's poorest nations access to global markets to escape the poverty trap.
The world must be built not only as a Global Community of States based on diplomacy, but also by a democratic community of peoples.
We are committed to unlocking the potential of the Global Community, by building on the fundamental principles of freedom, democracy, solidarity, the rule of law,
respect for human and Earth rights, free enterprise and equal opportunities.
This is also accomplished by promoting peace throughout the Global Community in the federal tradition that respects our diverse cultural,
local and linguistic identities, and is open to all Member States which comply with the criteria for membership.
A Global Community that can finally vote with a qualified majority system in order to fully exercise the world
sovereignty in compliance with the principle of subsidiarity.
The ratification and entry into force of the Global Constitution is in this respect essential.
The Global Community is a global player bridging the gap between its economic and political dimension, and speaking with one voice in world affairs.
This is why we fully support a Common Foreign and Security Policy which aims to promote a new era of peace, democracy and security.
The full potential of the Global Community is attained by opening up, democratising, making democracy more accountable and strengthening its
institutions, also by identifying forms of participation and global dialogue able to bring into the global scene those who at the moment feel excluded.
To this end, media pluralism is crucial. Furthermore, to foster common global experiences and the sense of belonging to a single planet-wide community, language training and exchange among
students, trainees and volunteers should be stimulated.
We guarantee the fundamental rights of all global citizens and removing all forms of discrimination.
In our common fight against international crime and terrorism, we will always remain vigilant against any erosion of personal freedom.
A Global Community of security and justice for all is also a Global Community that extends these rights to those who justly seek asylum
or a new life. To that effect, the Global Community needs to harmonise asylum policy. The Global Community has to develop a common
strategy to manage legal immigration and coordinate action against illegal immigration, and to firmly combat any form of racism and
xenophobia. The protection of minorities is the essence of democracy.
The issues of freedom, security and justice without borders should be deepened.
Intercultural dialogue should be promoted and deepened further.
We believe that the aim of society must be the self-fulfilment of each individual, and that can be accomplished by promoting education at
all levels throughout the world; supporting scientists and researchers; allowing technology transfer;
making investments in information, eco-friendly technologies, and research and development networks.
The full potential of the Global Community is attained by strengthening economic governance after the introduction of a common currency.
A common economic policy must aim to create prosperity, competitiveness and jobs, and keep the Global Community social model viable, by
modernising the Global Community economy and fostering an innovative society. In this framework, we must reform world's economy to secure a
stable and competitive climate for businesses to invest in innovation and create jobs, to facilitate labour mobility, and to achieve a
real single and liberalised market.
An effective single market implies also the reduction of the bureaucratic impact of its implementation.
We will ensure that:
The Global Community will lead the world in environmental protection.
This means seeking common solutions to our common environmental, public health problems, consumers protection and food safety.
We must commit ourselves to cleaner, safer forms of energy and embrace renewable resource use. The Global Community should work for
the achievement of the targets set out in the Kyoto Protocol for reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and for the launch of a
follow-up to Kyoto.
Environmental and security policies should lay at the core of the Global Community’s cooperation within Member States.
The full potential of the Global Community is attained by ensuring a full recognition and enhancement of the role of Global Community’s
regions,
particularly those with legislative powers, and by building a structural policy which develops the potential of
most needy regions. Resources should be used to mobilise additional investments, and cohesion funds should be focused on the poorest
regions. The Global Community cannot afford that any of its region lags behind.
For a balanced development at home and abroad, it is necessary to create a Common Agricultural Policy.
Freedom, security and justice without borders is a concept that is meant to create a free movement of persons. It is a necessary
component of a free market society. The abolition of border controls will nonetheless be given specific treatment in the context
of a global cooperation. The purpose of such cooperation is to create an area without internal borders, the corollary being stronger
external borders for this area common to the signatory Member States.
The practically of such a concept requires changes to be made in many areas such as:
Two main issues have contributed to the development of the concept:
Crimes of racism, xenophobia and discrimination |
The cornerstone of international action to combat racism would be to have a Global Convention on the elimination of all forms of racial discrimination. All the Global Community Member States must ratified the Convention.
Crimes of racism, xenophobia and discrimination are on the rise in the world, and Global Parliament has taken a number of
measures to counter these phenomena. The Global Constitution gives visibility to the prohibition of all forms of racial
discrimination in the Member States. Parliament has made a proposal for a framework decision that makes acts of
racism and xenophobia subject to the same penalties in all Member States. The framework decision is meant to deter those tempted to
commit this type of offence. Parliament plays a major role in combating racist crimes in the world and has expressed its resolve
to see such crimes decline.
Racism and xenophobia are a violation of general principles of community law, particularly of liberty, democracy, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and
the rule of law. The Global Constitution strengthens these rights.
The Global Constitution prohibits any discrimination based on any ground such as sex, race, colour, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, language, religion or belief,
political or any other opinion, membership of a national minority, property, birth, disability, age or sexual orientation.
Global Parliament is determined to actively focus on action to combat racism and xenophobia, and to guarantee effective
judicial cooperation between the Member States. Global Parliament will implement a directive to fight all discrimination
based on race, ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation, and a directive implementing the principle of
equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin.
Since the its creation, Global Parliament has pursued its efforts to build the fight against racism and xenophobia into
all policy areas, including employment, education, training and youth.
Fundamental human and Earth rights |
Parliament plays a leading role in fundamental human and Earth rights in the Global Community.
The Global Community is founded on the indivisible and universal values of human dignity, freedom, equality and solidarity,
and resides on the principles of democracy and the rule of law.
With its creation of the Global Constitution, Global Parliament has
aimed to bring together into a single text all civil, political, economic and social rights of global citizens and of all
persons living in the Member States. The fundamental human and Earth rights it lays down
represent the summary of the Global Community's common values.
The rights listed in the Global Constitution are based in particular on the fundamental
rights and freedoms recognised by the
constitutional traditions of Member States.
Parliament repeats its unconditional rejection and absolute condemnation of terrorism, but voices concerns
over the negative impact of measures taken to counter it.
The Global Community judicial cooperation
consists in activity by the authorities of a Member State (requested State), at the request of another Member
State (requesting State), to assist the administration of justice by the latter. It is useful
in cases of extradition and for other forms of assistance. Parliament proposes to set up
the Global Community Judicial Network, the purpose of which is to facilitate judicial cooperation as part of the
fight against transnational crime. The Network will:
Parliament will take measures leading to:
Judicial cooperation in civil matters refers to:
The Global Community Judicial Network is a light structure that comprises points of contact intended to
fight transnational crime, particularly organised crime. The points of contact are
intermediaries intended to assist in judicial cooperation between Member States. They are available to local
judicial authorities and the judicial authorities of other Member States to allow them to establish direct
contacts with each other.These are determined by the States in function of the internal structure of their
In practice,
most of the users of the points of contact are magistrates of the public prosecutor and investigating judges,
although the police, customs, and the Foreign Office of a State also occasionally use it. The joint action provides that
the points of contact communicate with each other by means of a telecommunications network.
Global Community Arrest Warrant |
The Global Community Arrest Warrant The Global Community Arrest Warrant will replace the Extradition mechanism. Extradition developed to ensure judicial cooperation between States in order to prevent a criminal from
finding refuge on the territory of another State. It consists in the return of an individual, the extradited,
to the requesting State by the requested State on whose territory the individual is found.
The Global Community Arrest Warrant is a judicial decision delivered by a Member State for the arrest and
surrender by another Member State of a requested person. In keeping with the underlying principles of mutual
recognition, its objective is to allow the execution throughout the Global Community of decisions in criminal matters
delivered by a judicial authority of a Member State. The arrest warrant will not cover all offences.
There is a threshold beyond which the procedure will not apply: the framework decision states that in principle
an arrest warrant can only be issued if, under the law of the issuing Member State, the act is punishable by a
custodial sentence of at least 12 months or if there has been an order imposing sanctions of at least four
months. The issuing judicial authority may have recourse to points of contact within the Global Community Judicial
Network if he/she does not know who the competent executing judicial authority is.
Executing an arrest warrant includes taking the person into detention until the judicial authority of the State of execution has rendered a decision on his/her situation, namely, if there is a possibility of granting a measure of provisional freedom. The framework decision provides for the State of execution to inform the detained person of the following: The judicial authority of the State of execution will make provisions for surrendering the person. It must
verify that the necessary conditions for executing the mandate and for surrendering the person have been properly
met. Communication between Member States is direct, i.e. from judge to judge. In contrast with the classic
rules on extradition, the mechanism of the Global Community Arrest Warrant abolishes the intervention of the diplomatic
authorities, and even that of the Ministries of Justice. Indeed, the abolition of all political intervention
constitutes the main difference with extradition, a system where the executive power controls the procedure.
It is the executive that takes a decision on the basis of political considerations as to the advisability of
surrendering the extradited person. The final decision on executing a Global Community Arrest Warrant must be taken as quickly as
possible: the framework decision provides for 60 days from the arrest of the wanted person. Here again,
the mechanism differs significantly from that of extradition, which can take many years to fully execute.
In some cases, the authority in the State of execution must advance objections to surrendering a
person where: The creation of the Global Community Arrest Warrant represents a true step forward in the field of mutual
assistance in criminal matters. Eliminating interference from political powers or establishing a time limit
to execute a warrant represents real progress in comparison with the old system of extradition.
The principle of mutual recognition means full execution of a judgment handed down by the judicial authorities
of another Member State. Mutual recognition is not an absolute principle. In practice it runs up against
different types of restrictions. Mutual recognition is also linked to the process of the approximation
of criminal law, the two methods working in tandem to help create the area of freedom, security and justice.
The Global Community Parliament supports unreservedly the application of the principle of mutual recognition.
It is a powerful instrument contributing to the timely creation of a genuine Global Community legal area. takes the form of a judicial decision handed down by a Global Community Member State for
the apprehension and return by another Member State of a wanted person to be prosecuted or to have a sentence or a detention order
against a wanted person carried out. This system flows from the application of the principal of mutual recognition of judicial
decisions in criminal matters, and is intended to replace the system of extradition between Member States.
The period of imprisonment the wanted person faces upon sentencing will be reduced by the issuing Member
State by the amount of time that person spent in detention as a result of the enforcement of the Global Community
arrest warrant. If the wanted person consents to the surrender, the procedure can be sped up. If this is
the case, the final decision on the execution of the European arrest warrant is taken in 10 days. The
maximum time limit between arresting the wanted person and the effective surrender of the person to the
authorities in the issuing State is thereby reduced to 20 days. As regards cost, the Member State of
execution bears the expenses incurred in its territory. All other expenses are borne by the issuing State.
Victims of crime have a right to protection and this is a right that should be ensured by the Global Community in
the creation of an area of freedom, security and justice. The protection of victims of crime can be
expressed in two complementary forms: On the one hand, compensation for harm suffered, and on the other
provision of material, psychological, medical and social assistance.
Mutual recognition is a method meant to strengthen judicial cooperation in criminal matters between Member States.
It seeks to give full and direct effect throughout the Global Community to a final decision by the judicial authorities of a Member State.
Mutual recognition is meant to apply at every stage of criminal proceedings, before, during and after the conviction and
sentence. The Global Community Parliament supports application of the principle of mutual recognition, a useful tool contributing
to the creation at the earliest date possible of a genuine Global Community judicial area.
Police cooperation |
Police cooperation developed bilaterally in the frontier areas to fight local transfrontier crime. The approximation of criminal offences is a step towards establishing common criteria for public order. It
favours the development of the spirit of mutual trust needed to build an area of freedom, security and justice.
Approximation has proved to be an effective instrument for removing the obstacle of double incrimination. Under
that principle, a State only takes action on a request for assistance if the act referred to by the requesting
State is also an offence in its own legal order. A State can cooperate only if it considers the act for which
its cooperation is requested to be punishable, i.e. the act must be an offence against its national law and
order. The approximation of criminal laws prevents a State from being converted into a
penal paradise in relation to the others. By approximating criminal laws, the States lessen the differences
between national legal systems. Criminals thus lose the advantages of operating in a given State.
The question of the approximation of criminal offences is of particular importance for developing an area
of freedom, security and justice. By establishing this concept, the Member States expressed their will to go
beyond traditional cooperation to combat crime. They clearly announced their intention to reinforce
existing mechanisms, particularly the approximation of criminal offences.
Over the past decades, the evolution of transnational crime increased the frequency at which the people in charge of
police services were brought into contact with each other.
Police cooperation is essentially practical and the actors on the ground tend to resolve the problems
encountered by using concrete solutions rather than by issuing a rule of law.
This characteristic of police cooperation is the result of the tradition of police services.
Confidentiality is a requirement in police action.
Criminal sanctions |
Work on the approximation of sanctions is much more recent. The Global Community's legal instruments provide
only that the Member States must impose effective, proportionate and dissuasive criminal sanctions.
Very early on, customs authorities tested the need to cooperate with each other in the fight against fraud,
in particular in combating contraband activities.The role of customs administrations will evolve with the
abolition of internal frontiers and the globalisation of the economy. Formerly responsible for collecting customs
receipts, the activity of customs administrations later will develop to include respect for economic legislation.
In other words, as long as they respect these guidelines, they are free to determine the type of penalty and
its level. Building an area of freedom, security and justice will involve a further effort to approximate
criminal sanctions. This effort can be given effect in different ways, such as the setting of a minimum
penalty States must incorporate into their national laws.
Fight against corruption and organized crimes |
Organized crimes is a real threat to the world order. A typical example is money laundering. A money laundering operation includes three stages: In some cases, money laundering takes place via international circuits. Those involved in financial crime make
clever use of the new technologies and disparities between national laws.
The governments of a number of Global Community Member States have to develop national strategies to fight
corruption by political leaders or officials.
Money laundering consists in concealing the origin of money obtained illegally by making it appear legal. The phenomenon is
practiced on a large scale, the IMF estimating the aggregate volume of laundered funds at between 2 and 5% of global gross domestic
product. The Global Community Parliament has developed a strategy to combat this phenomenon.
Money laundering is an extremely complex process since it involves ever shrewder financial set-ups. The basic
rule is to imitate legitimate commercial operations as closely as possible.
The changing economic context,
financial liberalisation and improved law enforcement oblige offenders continually to come up with new
solutions. The authorities responsible for combating money laundering are ceaselessly obliged to adapt
to new practices.
The fight against corruption is a priority of Global Parliament's political action
to establish freedom, security and justice without borders in Member States. Corruption, which can be defined as an
abuse of power with a view to personal gain, is a serious threat to the stability of public
institutions.
The phenomenon of corruption can also entail a transboundary
dimension against which national strategies are inadequate. Over and above the formulation of a
common definition, the Parliament has widened its action into a global anti-corruption strategy.
An act of corruption is deemed to exist from the moment the intention is declared. The actual handing over
of the advantage is punishable but is not a constituent element of the offence. When an advantage is
received after an act has been performed but without having been preceded by an offer or acceptance, the
Member States are not obliged to impose penal sanctions. The term "advantage" is not limited to material
objects, but also covers all other elements that improve the position of the person offering the bribe.The
advantage may be given directly or through an intermediary. The offence is completed even if the advantage
is not given personally by the individual offering the bribe. Passive corruption consists in
soliciting or receiving any advantage or accepting the offer or promise of an advantage, to act or refrain
from acting in the exercise of one's functions. The instruments thus aim to punish both positive
(acts) and negative (refraining from acting) offences. The recipient of the advantage may be a third
party, which means the act is punishable irrespective of whether the person accepting the bribe receives
the advantage personally.
Organised crime is part of criminal behaviour known as group delinquency. It is a complex phenomenon,
one that is difficult to distinguish from organised gangs and mafias. Organised
gangs form the embryo of organised crime while mafias comprise the most extreme form.
Because of its secretive nature, organised crime can be difficult to characterise. They usually appear
anonymously and often impose a code of silence, the Omerta, on its members and on the people living on the
territory it controls. Parliament has worked for some time to develop a concept for
Member States adopting a definition that is not:
Organised crime has stimulated the development of the concept of freedom, security and justice without borders. Nevertheless, since the events of 11 September 2001, combating terrorism has taken priority, relegating at once the fight against organised crime to second place. Parliament supports action of the States in their fight against organised crime.
Fight against terrorism |
The fight against terrorists currently assumes considerable importance in the Global Community's activities.
Terrorism has a political connotation whose appraisal remains subjective: some States denounce certain acts as acts of terrorism while others consider them legitimate.
Parliament defines terrorism in relation to the intent of the act. The originality of the text is
inherent in the fact that in the future the ultimate political goal constitutes the basic criteria for
distinguishing a terrorist offence from offences in common law. Terrorism can be a series of offences such as kidnapping, hostage-taking and hijacking airplanes or the use
of firearms or explosives. It provides that each Member State take the necessary measures for the offences
related to terrorism to be punishable by effective, proportionate and deterrent criminal sanctions, possibly
resulting in extradition. The Member States should also adopt the necessary measures for the individuals
responsible for a violation to be liable to a prison term of a maximum of not less than 15 years for leading
a terrorist group and eight years for participating in terrorist activities.
Parliament proposes a regulation allowing the assets of terrorist organisations and individuals to be frozen. The fight against terrorism plays a part in the field of application of several mechanisms created by Parliament
and intended to improve cooperation in police and criminal matters, in particular the Global Community arrest
warrant.
It has been the basis of work undertaken in the field of cooperation between the Member States in criminal
matters.
Parliament's objective should be to provide citizens with a
high level of safety within the concept of freedom, security and justice without borders.
Fight against trafficking in human beings |
It is estimated that more than 700,000 people a year fall victim to the phenomenon. The proliferation of the
problem is directly linked to immigration policies and to the economic and social crises in certain States and
regions of the world. Trafficking is facilitated by the complications of international judicial and police
cooperation. Trafficking in human beings concerns all individuals but essentially affects women and
children. Victims are taken in by enticing job offers or promises of a better life. They are quickly
taken in hand by traffickers, brought into the Global Community illegally or with forged identity documents,
and then forced to engage in activities that are highly lucrative for those who exploit them: work in
illegal workshops, erotic shows, prostitution and begging. They are often beaten and raped to break their
resistance or to deter them from denouncing the traffickers. Trafficking often has ties with organised
crime. The Protocol to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime to Prevent,
Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, defines trafficking as 'the
recruitment, transport, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force
or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of
vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having
control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum,
the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or
services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs. The different actions being taken to combat trafficking fall into two categories: The phenomenon of trafficking has always existed. To end what used to be known as the white slave trade
several international conventions were adopted in the first half of the 20th century. They were subsequently
replaced by the Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the
Prostitution of Others, of 2 December 1949, which punishes any person who:
Parliament proposes provisions for the protection of victims of trafficking
in human beings, in particular:
It urges States:
Trafficking in human beings is one of the criminal phenomena that grew the most intensely at the end of the last millennium,
largely because it is highly lucrative. (see Global Community Trafficking Victim Assistance Center)
Trafficking is a violation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and of the
Global Constitution: the right to dignity, the right to physical and mental integrity, the prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, and the prohibition
of slavery and forced labour. The Charter expressly states that trafficking in human beings is prohibited.
A coordinated response by the many different players is needed to tackle this tglobal phenomenon.
Parliament proposes the adoption of a legislative arsenal to combat trafficking in human beings.
Fight against ship Captains and owners dumping waste oils in oceans |
Ships all over the world will have to prove what they have done with their waste oils. It is not up to the Global Community to prove that have dumped it into
the oceans. It is up to the ship Captain and owner(s) to show us their records and prove they have not dumped their waste oils in the ocean. Our oceans and all life will be protected.
Fight agaisnt car and truck manufacturers using fossil fuels |
For decades we have told car and truck manufacturers to manufacture 'clean vehicles' and no more gas engines. They know it. They even bought the right to build such clean vehicles from others who
had researched and developed the technology. Car and truck manufacturers had in mind to stop anyone from building and mass producing such vehicles. That would have
gone against their gas engines. Now they are telling the public they have to close down shops and lay off people because no one wants to buy gas engines. So they ask for more government
hand-outs to survive. How many billions of tax dollars have been given to this industry? What good was it to help the industry? What good is it to help any
industry that want to make money at the expense of the global life-support systems and the global environment?
They have been getting help from government ever since Ford got his first car on the road.
Despite its crucial importance for the survival of humanity, marine biodiversity is in ever-greater danger, with the depletion of fisheries among biggest concerns.
Fishing is central to the livelihood and food security of 200 million people, especially in the developing world, while one of five people on this planet depends on fish
as the primary source of protein. The farming and stocking of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic
plants - is growing more rapidly than all other animal food producing sectors. But amid facts and figures about aquaculture's soaring worldwide production rates, other,
more sobering, statistics reveal that global main marine fish stocks are in jeopardy, increasingly pressured by overfishing and environmental degradation.
The world's ocean fisheries are already being fished to their maximum capacities or are in
decline. Global fish production climbed modestly in 2006, the last year for which global data were available, almost
entirely because the farming of fish expanded in the world's most populous country, China. While the number of fishermen continues
to increase, the amount of fish each fisherman catches is falling steadily. The poor have long depended on fish for complete protein but
population growth has caused this important food source to be out of their reach.
Today about 1.8 billion people live in 36 countries with less than 0.1 hectare of forested land per
capita, an indicator of critically low levels of forest cover. Based on the medium population projection and current deforestation
trends, by 2025 the number of people living in forest-scarce countries could nearly double to 3 billion. Most of the world's original
forests have been lost to the expansion of human activities. In many parts of the developing world, the future availability of
forest resources for food, fuel and shelter looks quite discouraging. Future declines in the per capita availability of forests, especially
in developing countries, are likely to pose major challenges for both conservation and human well-being. The world's forests provide goods and services essential to human and planetary well-being. But forests are disappearing faster
today than ever before. Due both to deforestation and human population growth, the current ratio of forests to human beings is less thn half
what it was in 1960. Yet we not only need more forests, we need forests more than ever before to: Half of the world's original forest cover is gone, a loss that reflects humanity's intensive use of land since the invention of farming.
Of the forest that remains, less than one-fourth could be considered relatively undisturbed by human activity. The vast primeval forests
of Europe and Asia survive today only as patchwork remnants of secondary growth, much of it vulnerable to logging, encroachment by development,
pollution, fire and disease. Forests are currently expanding in much of the industrialized world, while shrinking in most of the developing world. In just the first
five years of the 1990s, 65 million hectares of forest–an area the size of Afghanistan– were converted to other uses in developing
countries. By contrast, the industrialized countries gained 9 million hectares of forested land, an area about the size of Hungary. The pattern
of forest loss in developing countries today differs from past losses in Europe and elsewhere in two key respects: human populations are much
larger than before, and the pace of deforestation is more rapid. In the last four decades, an area half the size of the United States has
been cleared of tropical forests, while population in developing countries has doubled to 4.7 billion. Among the most encouraging trends for the
future of forests is the fact that fertility and birthrates are now declining in developing countries, leading demographers to revise downward
their projections of future population growth. Population dynamics are among the primary underlying causes of forest decline. Poverty, corruption, inequitable access to land and wasteful
consumption practices also influence the decisions of governments, corporations and individuals to cut and clear forests. The interaction of these forces
is most evident in areas such as South Asia, Central America and sub-Saharan Africa, where poverty, rapid population growth and weak institutions
contribute to forest loss and severe environmental degradation. The dominant force in forest loss is growth in the demand for farmland. Subsistence agriculture is the principal cause of forest loss in Africa,
Asia and much of Latin America. Slash-and-burn farming and other traditional techniques were sustainable for centuries when population densities
were lower. Today they are a major factor, along with the expansion of commercial farms and livestock grazing areas, in the permanent conversion
of wooded land to agriculture. The need to increase food production is expected to accelerate the forest-to-farmland cycle, especially in
countries where alternatives for meeting this demand are limited. Pressure has been exerted on forests by the worldwide demand for wood and by local people who clear forests in their quests to establish an agrarian land base. Clearing of forests for the development of pasture for cattle has also resulted in deforestation as has the encroachment upon forests due to increasing human populations.
Deforestation promotes erosion of soil. Under normal circumstances trees and bushes and the forest floor act as a 'sponge' for rainfall, slowing its' overland and underground flow and releasing it back into the atmosphere through transpiration. Without the buffering effect of forest cover, rain impacting bare soil runs off, often causing flooding. In this environment, nutrients in the soil are leached off and the microorganisms which can replenish these nutrients are disturbed.
Forests are rich in biological diversity. Deforestation causes the destruction of the habitats that support biological diversity.
Some societies are making efforts to stop or slow deforestation. In China, where large scale destruction of forests has occurred, each citizen must plant at least 11 trees every year. In western countries, increasing consumer demand for wood products that have been produced and harvested in a sustainable manner are causing forest landowners and forest industries to become increasingly accountable for their forest management and timber harvesting practices.
A rainforest is a biome, a forested area where the annual rainfall is high. Some mention 1000 mm of rain each year as a limit of what is a rainforest, but that definition is far from complete. Rainforests are primarily found in tropical climates, although there are a few examples of rainforests in temperate regions as well. As well as prodigious rainfall, many rainforests are characterized by a high number of resident species, and a great biodiversity. It is also estimated that rainforests provide up to 40% of the oxygen currently found in the atmosphere.
Dense tropical forests also have a great effect on the hydrological cycle through evapotranspiration and the reduction of surface runoff. With
dense foliage, about a third of the rain falling on the forest never reached the ground, being re-evaporated off the leaves.
Locally, deforestation results in:
Computer models have analized the Amazonian deforestation and indicated that the deforestation of a typical rainforest (air temperature 27oC,
mean monthly rainfall of 220 mm) and subsequent degradation to savanna would result in:
Historically, CO2 taken up in the biological carbon was approximately equal to the CO2 released in the biological cycle. The global production of carbon fixed by plants was then equal to
the global ecosystem respiration that comprised respiration by plants plus respiration by all other living things on land.
On a global basis, there was no net flux of carbon to or from the atmosphere, and there was no net change in carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems (globally).
Unfortunately, humans have recently been converting forested landscapes to grazed, cultivated, or urban landscapes.
The impacts of such activities have been to:
A mature forest stores a large amount of carbon. When cut, it is often replaced by an ecosystem that stores
less carbon, (pasture or crops) with the difference in carbon content of the ecosystems being balanced by a flux of CO2 to the atmosphere. Thus, there is an increased flux of carbon from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere, resulting from this land conversion.
It was estimated that the net input of CO2 to the atmosphere from ALC was about 1/4 as much as from fossil fuel burning (1.3 billion metric tons of
carbon per year compared to 5 billion metric tons of carbon per year from fossil fuel combustion).
Most of this increased flux now comes from tropical Africa and Asia, but until about 1920, North America actually provided the largest ALC flux to the atmosphere. Why is there so much variation in estimates of the size of fluxes resulting from deforestation in the tropics?
Several reasons, all relating to uncertainty in estimating the factors that contribute to the fluxes: In terms of sources and sinks, then, tropical deforestation does constitute a source of carbon to the atmosphere.
Why might biomass (and carbon storage) of some areas be increasing? There are several potential reasons,
including changing land use (e.g., afforestation of areas that were formerly fields, pastures; drainage and conversion to forest
of wetlands; and fire suppression, which allows woody vegetation to encroach on areas that weren't formerly occupied by woody vegetation),
and possible effects of CO2 fertilization and/or nitrogen fertilization from atmospheric deposition. Currently, changes in land use are believed to be the dominant force behind increased carbon storage in forests,
with contributions from CO2 fertilization or nitrogen fertilization believed to be relatively minor. Soils represent an important component of the terrestrial compartment.
In fact, more carbon is stored in soils (including peat) than in all of the vegetation of the world! Note, however, that carbon
storage in soils has also shrunk since preindustrial times. Respiration and decomposition increase with ALC, and under most kinds of agricultural systems, such that carbon
storage in soils is decreasing.
First report on the Global Community investigation concerning child pornography on Internet: October 2003
The implementation of the principle of transparency is to be done not only in public debates, but especially in public access to documents
of Parliament. The emergence of the principle of transparency in the activities of the Global Community institutions results
from the need to bridge the gap between citizens and the administration, often seen as opaque and impersonal.
Transparency guarantees better democratic control. Parliament has long argued for greater transparency in the Global Community . The institutions of the Global Community are required to put the right of access into practice by:
We have shown that as world population increases it becomes extremely difficult to deal with global problems.
The building of global communities requires a mean to enforce global law that protects all life on Earth. The Global Protection Agency (GPA)
was created to train and lead a global force, the Agency of Global Police (AGP), with the mandate of enforcing global law,
bypassing traditional peacekeeping and military bodies such as the United Nations and NATO. This is a great opportunity for globallateralism.
And that is the third option we offer to the Global Community.
Saving humanity and protecting all life on Earth.
What a disgrace! How can this be happening! The technology for building 'clean engines' has existed for decades and was bought and put away to stop others from competing.
If anything car manufacturers deserve to lose their business and paid the environmental cost of their past decisions, the footprint for making a bad decision.
They are responsible of a large percentage of the greenhouse gas emissions. They ought to be held accountable. We are asking car and truck manufacturers to comply with the new way of doing business and trade.
New way of doing business and trade
Competition wil only be good when corporations, the business world, and every global citizen, have accepted the new way of doing business and trade, and obtained the
Certified Corporate Global Community Citizenship. 
Over its long past history trade has never evolved to require from the trading partners to become legally and morally responsible and
accountable for their products from beginning to end. At the end the product becomes a waste and it needs to be properly dispose of. Now
trade must be given a new impetus to be in line with the global concepts of the Global Community. You manufacture, produce, mine, farm or
create a product, you become legally and morally responsible and accountable of your product from beginning to end (to the point where it
actually becomes a waste; you are also responsible for the proper disposable of the waste). This product may be anything and everything from oil & gas, weapons, war products, to genetically engineered food products. All consumer products. All medicinal products! All pharmaceutical products!
Fight against overfishing and bottom trawling
Bottom trawling is a fishing method which involves towing trawl nets along the sea floor, as opposed to pelagic
trawling, where a net is towed higher in the water column. Bottom trawling can be carried out from one vessel or two vessels fishing cooperatively. It is practiced from
a very wide range of fishing vessels, starting with small motor boats powered by engines of several tens of horsepower and up to large ocean-going trawlers, up to 100 m
long, and powered by engines of several thousand horsepower. At least 275 vessels from 11 countries practice bottom trawling[1].
The Global Community ban bottom trawling as this method destroys fish habitats on undersea mountains and reefs and uses sonar to target entire schools of fish.
Fish populations will migrate with changes in ocean currents and be affected by global warming and therefore, by changes in ocean
temperatures. While impacts on total global food supply are uncertain, the distribution of food will change. Poor nations will have little
capacity to adapt to such changes
Fight against deforestation
In some countries, forests and other vegetation are being burned
away at alarming rates to satisfy the growing demand for agricultural land.
More efficient consumption of forest products and eventual stabilization of human population–a prospect that appears more promising today as birthrates decline–will be needed to conserve the world's forests
in the coming millennium.
The CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is being affected by deforestation and, as a consequence, this human activity:
* removes a large sink for CO2, and it
* adds a large source of CO2 to the atmosphere (via burning after logging, or and decomposition)
Deforestation is the removal of trees, often as a result of human activities.
It is often cited as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect. Trees remove carbon (in the form of carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere during the process of photosynthesis. Both the rotting and burning of wood releases this stored carbon carbon dioxide back in to the atmosphere.
Forests store large amounts of CO2, buffering the CO2 in the atmosphere. The carbon retained in the Amazon basin
is equivalent to at least 20% of the entire atmospheric CO2. Destruction of the forests would release about four fifths of the CO2 to the
atmosphere. Half of the CO2 would dissolve in the oceans but the other half would be added to the 16% increase already observed this century,
accelerating world temperature increases. Another impact of tropical rainforest destruction would be to reduce the natural production of
nitrous oxide (NO). Tropical forests and their soils produce up to one half of the world's NO which helps to destroy
stratospheric ozone. Any increase in stratospheric ozone would warm the stratosphere but lower global surface temperatures.
a decrease in an increase in
Concern about the potential effects of human (anthropogenic) activities on the atmosphere is growing. The two major results of human activity resulting in global changes in the Earth's climate are:
(1) Burning of fossil fuels, contributing about 5 billion metric tons C/year.
The combustion of fossil fuels oxidizes organic carbon, with carbon and oxygen combining to yield CO2.
(2) Anthropogenic land conversion (ALC)
(1) Remove a large sink for atmospheric carbon (because forests take up and
store larger amounts of carbon than do other terrestrial ecosystems). Tropical and temperate rainforests have been subjected to heavy
logging during the 20th century, and the area covered by rainforest around the world is shrinking rapidly. Estimates range from 1 1/2
acres to 2 acres of rainforest disappear each second. Rainforests used to cover 14% of the Earth's surface. This percentage is now down
to 6% and it is estimated that the remaining rainforests could disappear within 40 years at this present rate of logging. Further estimates suggest that large numbers of species are being driven extinct, possibly 50,000 species a year due to the removal of their habitat.
The largest rainforests can be found today in the Amazon basin (the Amazon Rainforest), the inner parts of Democratic Republic of Congo and on Borneo.
(2) Add a large source for atmospheric carbon (when the trees decay or
are burned, releasing carbon). About 80% of the wood removed during tropical deforestation is destroyed (burned or decayed)
or used as fuel wood, so the carbon stored in it is released rapidly as CO2, as opposed to the delayed slow release that occurs when used for lumber.
(1) What are actual rates of deforestation (and what counts as deforestation -- e.g., does selective logging count, or must it be clearcutting?)
(2) What is the fate of deforested land? Is it cleared permanently or temporarily, and what proportion is treated in each way?
(3) How big are the stocks of carbon stored in these forests? Estimates of the standing stock differ by a factor of two!
Fight against child pornography on Internet (third report)
Second report: February 2003
The Global Community has been one of the very first organizations to warn the public concerning child pornography on Internet.
Earth Government has said
that, concerning weapons of mass destruction and all consumer products, we become responsible and accountable of any product we
develop and manufacture, from beginning to end. The product here is pornographic materials, and child pornography is certainly the worst of all
kinds. Child pornography is a product of mass destruction endangering the lives of the billions of children to come.
Earth Government is investigating child pornographic materials found on The Internet and their impacts on future generations.
Our first report on child pornography was published in February 2003, and there will be a series of other articles
published in our Newsletters to educate the public. The presence of child pornography on The Internet is a disturbing and
growing phenomenon.
Our investigation has shown that despite all efforts child pornography on Internet is on the rise at an alarming rate. Law Enforcement organizations
are doing all they can to stop the proliferation of child pornography on Internet. All their efforts make hardly a dent in this growing trend.
A drastic action such as the control of the Internet and its use would be appropriate.
As part of our continuous efforts to educate the public on child pornography on Internet we are reproducing here the report published in February 2003.
Nuclear arsenal and child pornography on The Internet, both are products of mass destruction
The Earth Community Organization (ECO) is investigating child pornographic materials found on The Internet and their impacts on future
generations. In the coming future, their will be a series of articles published in our Newsletters to educate the public. The presence of child
pornography on The Internet is a disturbing and growing phenomenon. Please report any suspicious or suspected criminal activity directly to
Law Enforcement (see websites in Note). ECO is a research and action organization dedicated to assuring that children grow up in morally
secure families. ECO designs strategies to improve children's lives while at the same time helping the human family build a sustained
commitment to putting children first.
Note: There are websites anyone can contact to complain about pornographic materials:
http://www.customs.ustreas.gov/xp/cgov/enforcement/
http://www.cyber-rights.org/reports/child.htm
http://www.thecpac.com/stop-it.html
http://www.antichildporn.org/parents.htm
http://www.childrennow.org/
http://www.geocities.com/pacp18505/index2.html
The U.S. Customs Service is North America's front line of defense to combat the importation and
proliferation of this illegal material.
In the world today weapons of mass destruction are being feared by America, the one nation where these weapons originated and have threatened
the world ever since their creation. The atomic bomb was first developed and used by the U.S.A. on Japan. Several nations have followed on America's foot steps and now have the weapons.
September 11 was a reality check for America. The wave of weapons of mass destruction
created by America has now reached Asia, and there is no stopping in Irak. The wave has gained energy and makes the world more unstable and
at war.
The Cold War has fed a culture of violence in America. When are people from the war industry ever going to quit spreading evil all over the world? You are responsible and accountable
to humanity and to God for anything happening to your products after you manufactured and sold them. It seems that ethical and moral values no longer touch you. You dont think that you are actually responsible and accountable for
spreading evil all around the world. You think you are "good people", good citizens. Every single bullet you manufactured you
are responsible and accountable for it, all of you from the President of the company to the employee on the industrial line. Our Society holds
responsibility and accountability as well.
Most countries in the NATO alliance and others such as Russia have sold weapons, war
products and equipment to countries of the Middle East and are still doing it today. Our Way of Life says this is business. We manufacture
products, and we sell them. This is all legal we say. What about ehtical values and moral responsibility? What are we? Split personalities? Jekyll and
Hyde? Are we believers only when we are in a Church? Is God only existing in the Church? Is Jesus not in your heart? Not the heart in your mind
but the heart that radiates love to humanity. The heart that says "I love you" without limitations, the heart that gives without expecting
anything in return, the heart that unifies with love. Dont you think it is time to improve
upon our Way of Life? Dont you think it is time we take evil out of our Way of Life and out of our legal system as well? Dont you
think it is time to add ethical values and moral responsiblity and accountabilty to our Way of Life? Dont you think we all should say
me-aculpa for the September 11 events in the USA ? Are we responsible adults or are we going to hide behind hate and revenge like irresponsible children?
When are we going to look within ourselves and examine our Way of Life, our values, and start to take some responsibility of the September 11 events? All of us.
It is the same idea for any consumer product. You manufacture, produce, farm or create
a product, you become responsible and accountable of your product from beginning to end (to the point where it actually becomes a waste; you are also responsible for
the proper disposable of the waste).
For instance, if you manufacture chemicals that destroy the Ozone layer around the planet you are endangering humanity and all Life and, yes, you
are responsible and accountable for your product. You have endangered the lives of the billions of children to come. Why? To make a
better fridge?! To cool the air in your room?! To use in warships and planes as coolant (NATO countries and other countries all over the world are still using massively the deadly chemicals as coolant)?!
Could you not use something else and avoid using the coolant (our armed forces want to save tax dollars)? This is one of the reasons
why environmentalists (such as myself) hate wars and want peace. Our objection to wars is a survival reaction of the human species. So now we know wars are killing
not only the enemies but are also causing the Ozone layer to be damaged to a critical point where our entire species will die. So wars are not
a sound solution to the problem at hand. I believe the human species has reached a point in its evolution where it knows its survival is being
challenged. The human species knows through the Souls and now that human Souls have merged and formed the Soul of Humanity,
we will find it easier to fight for our own survival. The Soul of Humanity does not make decisions for us. It can only help us understand
and guide us on the way. In the past, human beings have had some kind of
symbiotical relationship (which is something common in Nature between lifeforms in an ecosystem) with the Souls, and now with the Soul of Humanity.
We work together for both our survival and well-being.
It is the Way of Life of the West that is threatening the survival of our species. The destruction of the Ozone layer
is certainly one of the most serious examples. Global warming is another one. Over the past decades, the USA has dropped out from the rest of world in fighting against global warming. The US
position on global warming was made very clear just before the September 11 events. They have decided to opt-out of the discussion. If we were
to say what is the most important cause which brought about global warming and the near destruction of
the Ozone layer we would have to say that it is trade. Trade is about the manufacturing and exchanging of consumer
products all over the world. We have already explained here why Free Trade and the creation of planetary trading blocks
are threatening the extinction of life on Earth.
Today there is a major crisis in the world due to the very application of science, modern technology, that is the environmental crisis. This crisis is global. We are Peoples living in a world of increasing interdependence and our Faith (ethical values, our moral principles)) is
intrinsically related to the preservation of the global life-support systems and to the survival of all forms of life. Science, technology and engineering are major forces of socio-economic change. They cause humanity and its social and
natural environment to evolve rapidly and, therefore, they carry serious responsibility and accountability. The Earth Community is asking all scientists, technologists and technicians, engineers and professionals
from all fields to create and apply stringent ethical values no matter what may happen. We are asking you to accept moral responsibility locally and globally at all times and as
a Way of Life. We are also asking you to learn about and respect all religions. All religions have included ehtics and moral responsibility
as fundamental principles, and that is what we are all talking about here. One religion should not try to absorb another one.
The global crisis touches every human being on Earth, over 6.2 billion people, and the whole of Nature. Everyone is responsible
locally and globally. Strong legal and moral safeguards must be implemented to discourage unethical practices and the wrongly
use of science, technology and engineering for the development and manufacturing of mass destruction weapons, of consumer products impinging on the rights of other human beings
and the environment, and for
actions which do not respect the dignity of human persons and of other lifeforms. We must protect the life-support systems of the planet. We need to educate every person on Earth in the proper management of our
planet. Let us focus on what is very important for humanity and unite as one global community working together. The
New Age Civilization is about all Peoples together, the Human Family, the Earth Community, Global Governance, Earth Environmental Governance,
and the Earth Government.
Wars must be shelved forever. No more of them! There is one war we must win for sure, and it is the protection of the global life-support
systems. It is a war that requires to better ourselves and our ways of life. The Earth Community must unite and focus on one goal, the protection of Life of all
forms and of its propagation throughout the Universe.
There is another application of technology, and again first developed and manufactured in America, that is affecting humanity's moral values in a way never seen before over
our entire history: The Internet. The very technology used to communicate with the world. It is capable of great things as well as bad things.
Just like the physics that allowed the development of the first atomic bomb was used for research in other areas and actually save lives.
The Internet allows humanity to communicate globally. It is needed to educate large populations all over the world. It is used in sciences and
for the good of all in many ways. But it is used also in destructive ways that threaten the world and its Soul. The worst of all uses of The Internet
in the world is child pornography. Child pornography implies human perversion and abuses of children human rights. There are now millions of
websites with pornographic materials and child pornography is on the rise. It is an American addiction, the largest market in the world for
pornographic materials. In America, there is more demand for child pornographic materials than in any other nation of the world.
When are we going to look within ourselves and examine our Way of Life, our values, and start to take some responsibility? We have
said above that, concerning weapons of mass destruction and all consumer products, we become responsible and accountable of any product we
develop and manufacture, from beginning to end. The product here is pornographic materials, and child pornography is certainly the
worst of all kinds. Child pornography is a product of mass destruction endangering the lives of the billions of children to come.
There are also child predators on The Internet.
Communications age has opened a whole new world for children to
explore and learn from, the "information superhighway", The Internet, also has a dark side
we all need to understand. Just as predators pray on land and nations (read Letter to the American People concerning american policies in the world), paedophiles are also predators. They surf The Internet
waiting to lure innocent children into their web of deviance. This time technology has made it easy for a paedophile to find potential victims. The predator can remain in teen and pre-teen chat rooms indefinitely.
Parents must educate their children of any age of the following rules:
* Make sure the computer is clearly visible and not hidden away in a child's room.
The more you know as parents, the more you can teach your children. There is so much good in using The Internet and children should
be able to enjoy it SAFELY.
* Check on what your children are doing on-line. Who are they chatting to, what web sites are being visited.
* Use software to disallow websites that show pornographic materials.
* Your children must NEVER give out any personal information such as their name, address, telephone numbers, the school attended, or the
shopping centres visited.
* Your children must NEVER send anyone a photograph or any other item via The Internet to strangers without obtaining your permission.
* Your children must NEVER communicate to any message that makes them feel uncomfortable. (unsolicited e-mail or e-mail from strangers) Don't allow
someone to say nasty or naughty things to them.
* Your children must NEVER agree to meet with anyone they have met on-line.
The implementation of the principle of transparency
There are two reasons for granting this right of access:
Parliament plays a key role in matters of transparency:
Application of the principle of transparency takes two forms, the right of access to documents of the Global Community institutions, and the public
nature of the legislative process.
Decisions must be taken as openly as possible and as closely as possible to the citizen.
Any citizen of the Union, and any natural or legal person residing or having its registered office in a Member State, shall
have a right of access to Global Community Parliament and Earth Council documents.
Conclusion
Benefits of Global Law
For more benefits read letter from DR. Michael Ellis, Minister for Sustainable Civilisation, Peace and Disarmament at
http://globalcommunitywebnet.com/gpa/listofrecipients2006.htm#ellis
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