Earth Government Global Community Federation of Global Governments Global Parliament Earth Executive Council Essential services House of Advisers  Ministries  Portal of the Global Community

The House of Elected Representatives, the House of Advisers, and the Global Governments Federation together are the Global Parliament. The Peoples of the Global Community elect, nominate or appoint their representatives to Earth Government.

The House of Elected Representatives shall be elected by direct universal suffrage of all the Global Community citizens in free and secret ballot for a term of five years. Representation of the Global Community citizens shall be of one Elected Representative per million people.

The Global Parliament shall, jointly with the Earth Executive Council, enact legislation, and exercise the budgetary function, as well as functions of political control and consultation as laid down in the Global Constitution.

The Global Parliament shall elect its President and its officers from among its members.

The folowing are some of the sections related to the House of Representatives and copied from the Global Constitution.

Global Community Earth  Government
Main Index of the Global Constitution The Global Constitution on a single page Table of Contents of the Global Constitution

Chapter 14.1    A)    Global Parliament
A.1     The House of Elected Representatives
A.2     The House of Advisers, and
A.3     The Global Governments Federation.

Article 1:    The Global Parliament
1.     The Global Parliament shall, jointly with the Earth Executive Council, enact legislation, and exercise the budgetary function, as well as functions of political control and consultation as laid down in the Constitution. Global Parliament shall elect the President of Earth Government.
2.     The Global Parliament shall be elected by direct universal suffrage of all the Global Community citizens in free and secret ballot for a term of five years. Representation of the Global Community citizens shall be of one Elected Representative per million people. Sufficiently in advance of the Parliamentary elections, the Global Governments Federation shall adopt by unanimity, on the basis of a proposal from the Global Parliament and with its consent, a decision establishing the composition of Global Parliament, respecting the principles set out above.
3.     The Global Parliament shall elect its President and its officers from among its members.
Article 2:     Composition of Global Parliament
1.   The Global Parliament shall be composed of three bodies, designated as follows: the House of Elected Representatives, to represent the Global Community directly and equally;
2.   The Global Governments Federation , to represent the nations of the world;
3.   House of Advisers with particular functions to represent the highest good and best interests of humanity as a whole; and
4.   All members of the Global Parliament, regardless of body, shall be designated as Members of the Global Parliament.  


Chapter 14.1    A.1    The House of Elected Representatives
Article 1:   Composition
The House of Elected Representatives shall be composed of the peoples delegates directly elected in proportion to population from the Global Electoral and Administrative Districts, as defined in Articles of Chapters 14.4 and 23.2.
Article 2:   Election
1.   Peoples delegates shall be elected by universal adult suffrage, open to all persons of age 18 and above.  
2.   One peoples delegate shall be elected from each Global Electoral and Administrative District to serve a five year term in the House of Elected Representatives. Peoples delegates may be elected to serve successive terms without limit. Each peoples delegate shall have one vote.  
3.   A candidate for election to serve as a peoples delegate must be at least 21 years of age, a resident for at least one year of the electoral district from which the candidate is seeking election, and shall take a pledge of service to humanity.  
Article 3:   One delegate per million people on the planet
5.   On average, there will be elected to the House of Elected representatives one delegate per million people on the planet. The total number of delegates is therefore well above 7000 delegates.

Chapter 14     Global Community Earth Government with its governing institutions and bodies      ]
Chapter 14.2    B)    The Organs of Earth Government
Chapter 14.2    B.1    Earth Executive Council

Chapter 14.3    A.1    The House of Elected Representatives
Chapter 14.3.1    A.1    The House of Elected Representatives

Chapter 2.3     Settlement of Disputes.
Article 1
1.     The parties to any dispute, the continuance of which is likely to endanger the maintenance of international peace and security, shall, first of all, seek a solution by negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional agencies or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their own choice.
2.     The Earth Security Council shall, when it deems necessary, call upon the parties to settle their dispute by such means.
3.     When there is a need to find a solution to a problem or a concern, a sound solution would be to choose a measure or conduct an action, if possible, which causes reversible damage as opposed to a measure or an action causing an irreversible loss. This Principle applies to disputes and conflicts.
Article 2
The Earth Security Council may investigate any dispute, or any situation which might lead to international friction or give rise to a dispute, in order to determine whether the continuance of the dispute or situation is likely to endanger the maintenance of international peace and security.
Article 3
l.     Any Member Nation may bring any dispute to the attention of the Earth Security Council or of the Elected Representatives Council.
2.     A nation which is not a Member Nation may bring to the attention of the Earth Security Council or of the House of Elected Representatives any dispute to which it is a party if it accepts in advance, for the purposes of the dispute, the obligations of pacific settlement provided in the present Constitution.

Chapter V     The establishment of Global Communities
Article 1:    Principles
The Global Community and its membership, in pursuit of the Purposes stated earlier in the Preamble, shall conduct actions in accordance with the following Principles:

1.     The Global Community shall establish local communities of one million people each for a total of about 7,000 elected representatives throughout the world; the number of representatives will change according to the change in Earth's population; the election of representatives shall follow a democratic process properly supervised;

2.     The Global Community is based on the principle of the equality of all its elected, nominated or appointed representatives;

Article 2:    Birth right of Global Community citizens of electing representatives democratically

Everyone is part of the Global Community by birth and therefore everyone has a right to vote. It is our birth right of electing a democratic government to manage Earth: the rights to vote and elect our representatives. Everyone should be given a chance to vote. Decisions will be made democratically.


Chapter VI     Earth Government Global Community Citizenship
Chapter 6.1     Criteria for becoming Global Community citizens
3.     Acceptance of the Scale of Human and Earth Rights.
To determine rights requires an understanding of needs and reponsibilities and their importance. The Scale of Human and Earth Rights and the Global Constitution were researched and developed by the Global Community to guide us in continuing this process. The Scale shows social values in order of importance and so will help us understand the rights and responsibilities of global communities.
4.     Acceptance of the Global Constitution.
The Global Constitution is a declaration of interdependence and responsibility and an urgent call to build a global symbiotical relationship between nations for sustainable development. It is a commitment to Life and its evolution to bring humanity to God. The Global Community has focused people aspirations toward a unique goal: humanity survival now and in the future along with all Life on Earth.
5.     Acceptance of your birth right of electing a democratic government to manage Earth.
The political system of an individual country does not have to be a democracy. Political rights of a country belong to that country alone. Democracy is not to be enforced by anyone and to anyone or to any global community. Every global community can and should choose the political system of their choice with the understanding of the importance of such a right on the Scale of Human and Earth Rights. On the other hand, representatives to Earth Government must be elected democratically in every part of the world. An individual country may have any political system at home but the government of that country will have to ensure (and allow verification by Earth Government) that representatives to Earth Government have been elected democratically. This way, every person in the world can claim the birth right of electing a democratic government to manage Earth: the rights to vote and elect representatives to form Earth Government.


Chapter 6.3.2     Rights, responsibilities and accountabilities
Article 13:     Human and Earth Rights
It is understood that whenever a person is given a right or a responsibility then 'a global community' and 'the Global Community' give the right or responsiblity to that person. Similarly, whenever a right or a responsibility is given to 'a global community' or to 'the Global Community' then the rights and responsiblities of a person are readjusted accordingly.

Priliminary list of human and Earth rights:
14.     A member of a global community has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.

Chapter IX     The democratic base of Earth Government

Earth democracy of the Global Community is based on economic democracy and on the Scale of Human and Earth Rights. Economic systems in Earth democracy of the Global Community protect ecosystems and their integrity, they protect people's livelihoods and provide basic needs to all. In the earth economy there are no disposable or dispensable species or people. The earth economy is a living economy. It is based on sustainable, diverse, pluralistic systems that protect nature and people, are chosen by people, for the benefit of the common good.

Article 1:    Direct democracy
As stipulated in Chapter 10.2, Section 4 on the Scale of Human and Earth Rights, and in Chapter 10.6.3, 'direct democracy' is how democracy should work. It is based on a voting system empowering voters more than parties because votes are for candidates not for parties. Also, candidate selection will take place at the local riding level, not at party head office. Most importantly, voters will rank candidates of the same party as well as candidates of different parties. It maximizes choice for voters. Competition is not just between candidates of different parties but also between candidates of the same party. This voting system is also a measure of independence from party control and that will make a very significant contribution to greater accountability in government. It will yield a legislature that mirrors the political, social, ethnic, and geographic diversity of a population. Electing candidates in multi-member ridings ensures a broader range of political interests and issues will be represented than is possible under any other system. Preferential voting induces a politics of cooperation, consensus, and civility.

Direct democracy is a community right. It is a right found in Section 4 on the Scale of Human and Earth Rights. Direct democracy is important to sustain life on the planet but its position on the Scale gives it its overall importance.

Direct democracy is the right of global citizens to hold referendums on any issue -- and to veto legislation.

Direct Democracy implies that:
*     Global Citizens are willing and able to participate fully in the decision making process on issues that most affect them.
*     Global Citizens should have full access to information on global affairs, and the conduct of global business should be open and transparent, with a well-developed global-wide communication system.
*     Global Parliament should always recognize that it is accountable to Global Citizens.
*     Direct democracy will encourage global citizen input into global policy, and enable Global Citizens to participate more actively in global affairs.
*     Direct democracy will raise the level of public awareness and encourage debate of key global issues.
*     Global Parliament can exercise the leadership necessary to become a model of effective “direct democracy” for all global communities.
*     A direct democracy global law gives Global Citizens and Global Parliament an effective and orderly way of addressing contentious issues.
*     A direct democracy global law strengthens the hand of Global Parliament by providing additional credibility in dealing with senior governments and non-elected bodies.
*     A direct democracy bylaw shows that Global Parliament has faith in its Global Citizens. Thus, Global Parliament in turn earns increased respect from Global Citizens.
*     Direct democracy does not mean government by referendum. Almost all Global Parliament decisions would continue to be made as they are now with the usual consultative processes. Few issues would be important and contentious enough to prompt referenda.


Direct democracy comprises a form of democracy and theory of civics wherein all citizens can directly participate in the political decision-making process. Some proposed systems would give people both legislative and executive powers, but most extant systems allow input into the legislative process only. Direct democracy in its traditional form is rule by the people through referenda. The people are given the right to pass laws, veto laws and withdraw support from a representative (if the system has representatives) at any time.

Direct democracy in its modern sense is characterized by three pillars:

*     Initiative
*     Referendum including binding referenda
*     Recall

The second pillar can include the ability to hold a binding referendum on whether a given law should be scrapped. This effectively grants the populace a veto on government legislation. The third pillar gives the people the right to recall elected officials by petition and referendum.

Article 2:    The principle of democratic equality
In all its activities, Earth Government shall observe the principle of the equality of Global Community citizens. All shall receive equal attention from Earth Government's Institutions.
Article 3:    The principle of representative democracy
1.     The working of Earth Government shall be founded on the principle of representative democracy.
2.     Global Community citizens are directly represented at Earth Government level in Global Parliament. Member Nations are represented in Global Parliament and in the Earth Executive Council by their governments, themselves accountable to national parliaments, elected by their Global Community citizens.
3.     Every citizen shall have the right to participate in the democratic life of Earth Government. Decisions shall be taken as openly as possible and as closely as possible to the citizen.
4.     Political parties contribute to forming global political awareness and to expressing the will of Earth Government Global Community citizens.
Article 4:    The principle of participatory democracy
1.     Earth Government Institutions shall, by appropriate means, give Global Community citizens and representative associations the opportunity to make known and publicly exchange their views in all areas of Earth Government action.
2.     Earth Government Institutions shall maintain an open, transparent and regular dialogue with representative associations and civil society.
3.     The Global Judiciary shall carry out broad consultations with parties concerned in order to ensure that Earth Government's actions are coherent and transparent.
4.     No less than one million Global Community citizens coming from a significant number of Member Nations may invite the Global Judiciary to submit any appropriate proposal on matters where Global Community citizens consider that a legal act of Earth Government is required for the purpose of implementing the Constitution. A global law shall determine the provisions for the specific procedures and conditions required for such a Global Community citizen's initiative.

Chapter 10.7     Section  5.    Economic (business and consumer rights, and their responsibilities and accountabilities) and social rights (civil and political rights)
Chapter 10.7.1     Economic (business and consumer rights, and their responsibilities and accountabilities)

Article 12:    Democracy is not to be enforced by anyone and to anyone or to any global community
The political system of an individual country does not have to be a democracy. Political rights of a country belong to that country alone. Democracy is not to be enforced by anyone and to anyone or to any global community. Every Member Nation of Earth Government can and should choose the political system of their choice with the understanding of the importance of such a right on the Scale of Human and Earth Rights. On the other hand, representatives to Earth Government must be elected democratically in every part of the world. An individual country may have any political system at home but the government of that country will have to ensure (and allow verification by Earth Government) that representatives to Earth Government have been elected democratically. This way, every person in the world can claim the birth right of electing a democratic government to manage Earth: the rights to vote and elect representatives to form Earth Government.


Chapter 10.7.2     Social rights (civil and political rights)
b)     Social Security for everyone to relieve the hazards of unemployment, sickness, old age, family circumstances, disability, catastrophies of nature, and technological change, and to allow retirement with sufficient lifetime income for living under condi tions of human dignity during older age.
c)     Equal opportunity for leisure time for everyone; better distribution of the work load of society so that every person may have equitable leisure time opportunities.
d)     Equal opportunity for everyone to enjoy the benefits of scientific and technological discoveries and developments.
e)     Freedom of choice in work, occupation, employment or profession.
f)     Right of privacy of person, family and association; prohibition against surveillance as a means of political control.
g)     Right to family planning and free public assistance to achieve family planning objectives.
h)     Right of habeous corpus; no ex-post-facto laws; no double jeopardy; right to refuse self-incrimination or the incrimination of another.
i)     Freedom of assembly, association, organization, petition and peaceful demonstration.
j)     Freedom to vote without duress, and freedom for political organization and campaigning without censorship or recrimination.
k)     Freedom to profess and promote political beliefs or no political beliefs.
Article 4:    Democratic rights, and equality rights
a)     Everyone has the right to a nationality;
b)     Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others;
c)     No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property;
d)     Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association;
e)     No one may be compelled to belong to an association;
f)     Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives;
g)     Everyone has the right of equal access to public service in his country;
h)     Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality;
i)     Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment;
j)     Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work;
k)     Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and  supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection;
l)     Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests;
m)     Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay; and n)     Everyone is entitled to a social and international order.


Chapter 12.3 Enhanced global cooperation
Article 1:    Enhanced global cooperation
1.     Member Nations which wish to establish enhanced cooperation between themselves within the framework of Earth Government's non-exclusive competences may make use of its Institutions and exercise those competences by applying the relevant provisions of the Constitution, subject to the limits and in accordance with the procedures laid down in this Article and in those of Chapter 8. Enhanced cooperation shall aim to further the objectives of Earth Government, protect its interests and reinforce its integration process. Such cooperation shall be open to all Member Nations when it is being established and at any time, in accordance with Article 3, Chapter 8.
2.     Authorisation to proceed with enhanced cooperation shall be granted by the Earth Executive Council as a last resort, when it has been established within the Earth Executive Council that the objectives of such cooperation cannot be attained within a reasonable period by Earth Government as a whole, and provided that it brings together at least one third of Member Nations. The Earth Executive Council shall act in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 4, Chapter 8.
3.     Only members of the Earth Executive Council representing the Nations participating in enhanced cooperation shall take part in the adoption of acts. All Member Nations may, however, take part in the deliberations of the Earth Executive Council. Unanimity shall be constituted by the votes of the representatives of the participating Nations only. A qualified majority shall be defined as a majority of the votes of the representatives of the participating Nations, representing at least three fifths of the population of those Nations. Where the Constitution does not require the Earth Executive Council to act on the basis of a Global Judiciary proposal, or where the Earth Executive Council is not acting upon initiative of the Minister of Global Affairs , the required qualified majority shall be defined as a majority of two thirds of the participating Nations, representing at least three fifths of the population of those Nations.
4.     Acts adopted in the framework of enhanced cooperation shall bind only participating Nations. They shall not be regarded as an acquis which has to be accepted by candidates for accession to Earth Government.

Chapter 14.3    A.1    The House of Elected Representatives
Chapter 14.3.1    A.1    The House of Elected Representatives
Article 1
The Elected Representatives Council (or Legislative Assembly) may legislate on any matters within the scope of this Global Constitution.
Article 2
The Elected Representatives Council may evoke the "Belief, Values, Principles and Aspirations of the Global Community" in the maintenance of international peace and security, and the Elected Representatives Council may make recommendations with regard to such "Belief, Values, Principles and Aspirations of the Global Community" to the Earth Security Council.
Article 3
The Elected Representatives Council may start a dialogue on any questions relating to the maintenance of international peace and security brought before it by the principal bodies of the Global Community Organization or by any community on the planet. Any such question on which action is necessary shall be referred to the the principal bodies of the Global Community by the Elected Representatives Council.
Article 4
The President, with the consent of the Earth Security Council, shall notify the Elected Representatives Council at each session of any matters relative to the maintenance of international peace and security which are being dealt with by the Earth Security Council.
Article 5
The Elected Representatives Council shall support studies and make recommendations for the purpose of promoting local and global community co-operation in:
a.     the political field and encouraging the understanding, development and expansion of international law;
b.     the economic, social, cultural, educational, spiritual, and health fields; and
c.     assisting in the realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion.
Article 6
The Elected Representatives Council may recommend measures for the peaceful adjustment of any situation which it deems likely to impair the general welfare or friendly relations among communities and nations, including situations resulting from a violation of the provisions of this Constitution setting forth the "Belief, Values, Principles and Aspirations" of Earth Government.
1.     The Elected Representatives Council shall receive and consider annual and special reports from the Earth Security Council; these reports shall include an account of the measures that the Earth Security Council has decided upon or taken to maintain international peace and security.
2.     The Elected Representatives Council shall receive and consider reports from the other bodies of the Global Community as well as from individuals and local communities.
Article 7
The Elected Representatives Council shall perform such functions with respect to the international trusteeship system as are assigned to it in this Global Constitution.
Article 8
1.     The Elected Representatives Council shall consider and approve the budget of the Global Community.
2.     The expenses of the Global Community shall be borne by the Members as apportioned by the Elected Representatives Council.
3.     The Elected Representatives Council shall consider and approve any financial and budgetary arrangements with specialize agencies, NGOs, and local communities referred to in the Global Constitution and shall examine the administrative budgets of such specialized agencies, NGOs, and local communities with a view to making recommendations to them.
Chapter 14.3.2    A.1    Voting
Article 1
1.     Each member of Elected Representatives Council shall have one vote.
2.     Decisions of the Elected Representatives Council on important questions shall be made by a two-thirds majority of the members present and voting. These questions shall include: recommendations with respect to the maintenance of peace and security in the world, the election of members in the different bodies of the Global Community, the suspension of the rights and privileges of membership, the expulsion of Members, and budgetary questions.
3.     The Global Community is in the process of defining its voting procedure. Should voting be done by members present only?
Should voting through the Internet and/or using email be allowed so as to allow every member to participate actively and responsibly in the Global Community activities.
We are asking for your advice on key issues such as:
a.     Should a member be allowed to vote by proxy?
b.     Should members be allowed to vote through the Internet or other communication devices or systems?
c.     How should a member vote on the Internet?
d.     How do we make voting honest, and secure?
4.     Decisions on other questions shall be made by a majority of the members present and voting.
Article 2
A Member of the Elected Representatives Council shall have no vote if problems arise in the payment of its financial contributions. The Council may, nevertheless, permit such a Member to vote if it is satisfied that the failure to pay is due to conditions beyond reach of the Member.
Article 3
The Elected Representatives Council shall meet in regular annual sessions and in such special sessions as occasion may require. Special sessions shall be convoked by the President at the request of the Earth Security Council or of a majority of the Members.
Article 4
The Elected Representatives Council shall adopt its own rules of procedure.
Article 5
The Elected Representatives Council shall establish such subsidiary bodies as it deems necessary for the performance of its functions.
Article 6
In order to elect representatives to the Global Community it is proposed the following:
A.    Each individual government in the world will administer the election of representatives to the Global Community with an NGO and/or members of the Global Community be allowed to verify all aspects of the process to the satisfaction of all parties involved.
B.    Representatives be elected every five years to form a new Global Community.
C.    It is proposed here that there will be one elected representative per 1,000,000 people. A population of 100 million people will elect 100 representatives. This process will create a feeling of belonging and participating to the affairs of the Earth Community and the Global Community. The number of Elected Representatives will change with the change of the world population.
D.    Earth population is now 6.114 billion people. If all representatives had been elected this year there would be 6,114 representatives to form Earth Government. They would be the Legislative elected body of the Global Community. They would participate in some ways in choosing the Executive and Judiciary bodies of the Global Community.
E.    All representatives will not have to be meeting in Headquarters. The Global Community representatives will meet and make decisions, including voting of day to day affairs, through the use of the Internet and other communications devices.
Article 7
The Elected Representatives Council (or Legislative Assembly) may legislate on any matters within the scope of this Constitution.
Article 8
The Elected Representatives Council may evoke the "Belief, Values, Principles and Aspirations " of Earth Government in the maintenance of international peace and security, and the Elected Representatives Council may make recommendations with regard to such "Belief, Values, Principles and Aspirations of the Global Community" to the Earth Security Council.
Article 9
The Elected Representatives Council may start a dialogue on any questions relating to the maintenance of international peace and security brought before it by the principal bodies of Earth Government or by any community on the planet. Any such question on which action is necessary shall be referred to the the principal bodies of Earth Government by the Elected Representatives Council.
Article 10
The President, with the consent of the Earth Security Council, shall notify the Elected Representatives Council at each session of any matters relative to the maintenance of international peace and security which are being dealt with by the Earth Security Council.
Article 11
The Elected Representatives Council shall support studies and make recommendations for the purpose of promoting local and global community co-operation in:
a.     the political field and encouraging the understanding, development and expansion of international law;
b.     the economic, social, cultural, educational, spiritual, and health fields; and
c.     assisting in the realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion.
Article 12
The Elected Representatives Council may recommend measures for the peaceful adjustment of any situation which it deems likely to impair the general welfare or friendly relations among communities and nations, including situations resulting from a violation of the provisions of this Constitution setting forth the "Belief, Values, Principles and Aspirations" of Earth Government.
1.     The Elected Representatives Council shall receive and consider annual and special reports from the Earth Security Council; these reports shall include an account of the measures that the Earth Security Council has decided upon or taken to maintain international peace and security.
2.     The Elected Representatives Council shall receive and consider reports from the other bodies of the Global Community as well as from individuals and local communities.
Article 13
The Elected Representatives Council shall perform such functions with respect to the international trusteeship system as are assigned to it in this Constitution.
Article 14
1.     The Elected Representatives Council shall consider and approve the budget of the Global Community.
2.     The expenses of Earth Government shall be borne by the Members as apportioned by the Elected Representatives Council.
3.     The Elected Representatives Council shall consider and approve any financial and budgetary arrangements with specialize agencies, NGOs, and local communities referred to in the Global Constitution and shall examine the administrative budgets of such specialized agencies, NGOs, and local communities with a view to making recommendations to them.
Article 15
1.     Each member of Elected Representatives Council shall have one vote.
2.     Decisions of the Elected Representatives Council on important questions shall be made by a two-thirds majority of the members present and voting. These questions shall include: recommendations with respect to the maintenance of peace and security in the world, the election of members in the different bodies of the Global Community, the suspension of the rights and privileges of membership, the expulsion of Members, and budgetary questions.
3.     Earth Government is in the process of defining its voting procedure. Should voting be done by members present only?
Should voting through the Internet and/or using email be allowed so as to allow every member to participate actively and responsibly in Earth Government activities.
We are asking for your advice on key issues such as:
a.     Should a member be allowed to vote by proxy?
b.     Should members be allowed to vote through the Internet or other communication devices or systems?
c.     How should a member vote on the Internet?
d.     How do we make voting honest, and secure?
4.     Decisions on other questions shall be made by a majority of the members present and voting.
Article 16
A Member of the Elected Representatives Council shall have no vote if problems arise in the payment of its financial contributions. The Council may, nevertheless, permit such a Member to vote if it is satisfied that the failure to pay is due to conditions beyond reach of the Member.
Article 17
The Elected Representatives Council shall meet in regular annual sessions and in such special sessions as occasion may require. Special sessions shall be convoked by the President at the request of the Earth Security Council or of a majority of the Members.
Article 18
The Elected Representatives Council shall adopt its own rules of procedure.
Article 19
The Elected Representatives Council shall establish such subsidiary bodies as it deems necessary for the performance of its functions.

Chapter 14.3.2    A.3    Procedures of Global Parliament
Article 1:    Procedures of Global Parliament
1.   Each body of the Global Parliament during its first session after general elections shall elect a panel of six chairpersons from among its own members, one from each of six Continental Divisions. The chairpersons shall rotate annually so that each will serve for one year as chief presiding officer, while the other four serve as vice-chairpersons.
2.   The panels of Chairpersons from each body shall meet together, as needed, for the purpose of coordinating the work of the Global Parliament.
3.   Any legislative measure or action may be initiated in either the House of Elected Representatives or the Global Governments Federation or both concurrently, and shall become effective when passed by a simple majority vote of both the House of Elected Representatives and of the House of Nations, except on those cases where an absolute majority vote or other voting majority is specified in this Global Constitution.  
4.   In case of deadlock on a measure initiated in either the House of Elected Representatives or the Global Governments Federation, the measure shall then automatically go to the House of Advisers for decision by simple majority vote of the House of Advisers, except in the cases where other majority vote is required in this Global Constitution. Any measure may be referred for decision to the House of Advisers by a concurrent vote of the other two bodies.  
5.   The House of Advisers may initiate any legislative measure, which shall then be submitted to the other two bodies and must be passed by simple majority vote of both the House of Elected Representatives and the Global Governments Federation to become effective, unless other voting majority is required by some provision of this Global Constitution.  
6.   The House of Advisers may introduce an opinion or resolution on any measure pending before either of the other two houses; either of the other bodies may request the opinion of the House of Advisers before acting upon a measure.  
7.   Each body of the Global Parliament shall adopt its own detailed rules of procedure, which shall by consistent with the procedures set forth in this Global Constitution, and which shall be designed to facilitate coordinated functioning of the three bodies.  
8.   Approval of appointments by the Global Parliament or any body of the Global Parliament thereof shall require simple majority votes, while removals for cause shall require absolute majority votes.  
9.   After the full operative stage of Earth Government is declared, general elections for members of the Global Parliament to the House of Elected Representatives shall be held every five years. The first general elections shall be held within the first two years following the declaration of the full operative stage of Earth Government.  
10.   Until the full operative stage of Earth Government is declared, elections for members of the Global Parliament to the House of Elected Representatives may be conducted whenever feasible in relation to the campaign for ratification of this Global Constitution.  
11.   Regular sessions of the House of Elected Representatives and the Global Governments Federation of the Global Parliament shall convene on the second Monday of January of each and every Year.  
12.   Each nation, according to its own procedures, shall appoint or elect members of the Global Parliament to the Global Governments Federation at least thirty days prior to the date for convening the Global Parliament in January.  
13.   The House of Elected Representatives together with the Global Governments Federation shall elect members of the Global Parliament to the House of Advisers during the month of January after the general elections. For its first session after general elections, the House of Advisors shall convene on the second Monday of March, and thereafter concurrently with the other two bodies of the Global Parliament.
14.   Bi-elections to fill vacancies shall be held within three months from occurrence of the vacancy or vacancies.  
15.   The Global Parliament shall remain in session for a minimum of nine months of each year. One or two breaks may be taken during each year, at times and for durations to be decided by simple majority vote of the House of Elected Representatives and the Global Governments Federation sitting jointly.
16.   Annual salaries for members of the Global Parliament of all three bodies shall be the same, except for those who serve also as members of the Global Council and as Cabinet Ministers.  
17.   Salary schedules for members of the Global Parliament and for members of the Global Council and the Cabinet Ministers shall be determined by the Global Parliament.  

Chapter 14.3    B.4    The Global Judiciary
Chapter 14.3.1    B.4    The Global Judiciary
Article 1:    The Global Judiciary
Prosecuting criminals on the basis of universal jurisdiction regardless of a territorial or nationality nexus required a solid commitment of political will from national governments and the Global Community.

Once in effect, the Earth Court of Justice will become the principal judicial organ of the Global Community. The Court will have a dual role: to settle in accordance with international law the legal disputes submitted to it by national governments, local communities, and in some special cases by corporations, non-government-organizations and citizens, and to give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by duly authorized organs and agencies.

The Court will be composed of judges elected by the Elected Representatives Council and Earth Security Council. It may not include more than one judge of any nationality. The Members of the Court do not represent their governments but are independent magistrates. The judges must possess the qualifications required in their respective countries for appointment to the highest judicial offices, or by jurists of recognized competence in international law. The composition of the Court has also to reflect the main forms of civilization and the principal legal systems of the world.

Chapter 14.7     Earth Government measures against fraud
Article 1:   
In order to elect representatives to the Global Community it is proposed the following:
A.    Each individual government in the world will administer the election of representatives to the Global Community with an NGO and/or members of the Global Community be allowed to verify all aspects of the process to the satisfaction of all parties involved.
B.    Representatives be elected every five years to form a new Global Community.
C.    It is proposed here that there will be one elected representative per 1,000,000 people. A population of 100 million people will elect 100 representatives. This process will create a feeling of belonging and participating to the affairs of the Earth Community and the Global Community. The number of elected representatives will change with the change in the world population.
D.    Earth population is now 6.114 billion people. If all representatives had been elected this year there would be 6,114 representatives to form the Global Community. They would be the Legislative elected body of the Global Community. They would participate in some ways in choosing the Executive and Judiciary bodies of the Global Community.
E.    All representatives will not have to be meeting in Headquarters. The Global Community makes decisions, including voting of day to day affairs, through the use of the Internet and other communications devices.

Chapter 23.4.3     First Operative Stage of Earth Government
Article 1:    First Operative Stage of Earth Government
1.   The first operative stage of Earth Government under this Global Constitution shall be implemented when the Global Constitution is ratified by a sufficient number of nations and/or people to meet one or the other of the following conditions or equivalent:
a.   Preliminary or final ratification by a minimum of twenty-five nations, each having a population of more than 100,000.  
b.   Preliminary or final ratification by a minimum of ten nations above 100,000 population, together with ratification by direct referendum within a minimum of fifty additional Global Electoral and Administrative Districts.  
c.   Ratification by direct referendum within a minimum of 100 Global Electoral and Administrative Districts, even though no nation as such has ratified.  
2.   The election of Members of the Global Parliament to the House of Elected Representatives shall be conducted in all Global Electoral and Administrative Districts where ratification has been accomplished by popular referendum.  
3.   The Election of Members of the Global Parliament to the House of Elected Representatives may proceed concurrently with direct popular referendums both prior to and after the First Operative Stage of Earth Government is reached.  

Chapter 23.4.5     Full Operative Stage of Earth Government
Article 1:    Full Operative Stage of Earth Government
1.   The full operative stage of Earth Government shall be implemented when this Global Constitution is given either preliminary or final ratification by meeting either condition (a) or (b):
a.   Ratification by eighty percent or more of the nations of Earth comprising at least ninety percent of the population of Earth; or
b.   Ratification which includes ninety percent of Earth's total population, either within ratifying nations or within ratifying nations together with additional Global Electoral and Administrative Districts where ratification by direct referendum has been accomplished.
2.   When the full operative stage of Earth Government is reached, the following conditions shall be implemented:
a.   Elections for Members of the House of Elected Representatives shall be conducted in all Global Electoral and Administrative Districts where elections have not already taken place; and Members of the United Nations shall be elected or appointed by the national legislatures or national governments in all nations where this has not already been accomplished. The terms of office for Members of the House of Elected Representatives and of the United Nations serving during the second operative stage, shall be continued into the full operative stage, except for those who have already served five years, in which case elections shall be held or appointments made as required.
b.   The terms of office for all holdover Members of the House of Elected Representatives and of the United Nations who have served less than five years, shall be adjusted to run concurrently with those Members of the Global Parliament whose terms are beginning with the full operative stage.  
c.   The second 100 Members of the House of Advisers shall be elected according to the procedure. The terms of office for holdover Members of the House of Advisers shall run five more years after the beginning of the full operative stage, while those beginning their terms with the full operative stage shall serve ten years.
d.   The Earth Executive Council and the Cabinet Ministers shall be reconstituted in accordance with the provisions of Article 6.  
e.   All organs of Earth Government shall be made fully operative, and shall be fully developed for the effective administration and implementation of global legislation, global law and the provisions of this Global Constitution.  
f.   All nations which have not already done so shall immediately transfer all military weapons and equipment to the Global Disarmament Agency, which shall immediately immobilize all such weapons and shall proceed forthwith to dismantle, convert to peaceful usage, recycle the materials thereof, or otherwise to destroy such weapons and equipment.  
g.   All armies and military forces of every kind shall be completely disarmed, and either disbanded or converted and integrated on a voluntary basis into the non-military Global Service Corps.  
h.   All viable agencies of the United Nations Organization and other viable international agencies established among national governments, together with their personnel, facilities and resources, shall be transferred to Earth Government and reconstituted and integrated as may be useful into the organs, departments, offices, institutes, commissions, bureaus and agencies of Earth Government.  
i.   The Global Parliament and shall continue to develop the activities and projects which are already underway from the second operative stage of Global Government, with such amendments as deemed necessary; and shall proceed with a complete and full scale program to solve global problems and serve the welfare of all people on Earth, in accordance with the provisions of this Global Constitution.  




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