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Lead Papers
Dr. Grigori Abramia, Germain Dufour, Dr. Gennady N. Karopa, Larisa Khomik, Alexander Khomik and Valentine Cherednichenko, Dr. Islam Israfil oglu Mustafaev, Hasida Yasmin and MD. Hasibur Rahman and Shahidul Haque
Md. Hasibur Rahman explained that Arsenic contamination in groundwater is already creating alarming
on social-health
problem in Bangladesh, one of the most densely populated country
in the world.
Preventive and mitigative measure is being implemented through research,
coordination of work, dissemination of research activities, particularly
in the grassroots level in the disaster areas. Scientific method and public
awareness already been adopting in different areas, sectors and under consideration
for future application to avoiding further serious health problems.Bangladesh occupies an area of 14.40 million ha of which 13.46 million
ha are land surface and only 0.94 million ha are rivers and other inland water bodies. The
country is bounded to the west, north and east by India and to the extreme south-east Myanmar and Bay
of Bengal lies to the south. The precious fresh water resources are very scarce. Water, the
synonym of life, but when this water become the cause of increasing death and diseases of people
then it is a matter of great sorrow. Bangladesh is a country of highly populous, density is
800 people per sq. km, about 95% of the people of the country of urban or rural, are dependent on
water supply from the groundwater sources. More than fifty years both public and private
sectors have been introducing tube-wells for safe drinking water and domestic purpose. From early
1980's Bangladesh is
facing a real catastrophe due to arsenic contamination in groundwater
and effected people are suffering from chronic arsenic toxicity and a serious public health
problem. After identified of arsenic contamination in drinking water in India by Professor Deepankar
Chakraborty, a study was jointly carried out by Dhaka Community Hospital Trust, Bangladesh
and School of
Environment Studies of Jadobpur University in Calcutta, India in October
1996.
The existing and future uses of water are
constantly challenged; balancing supply and demand is made even harder by the
amounts of pollution found in the air, land and waters(Dufour). Pollution is widespread
and people are dying because of it. As soon as more pollution is added into the
fresh water systems than people and all life die. This is true even with the
best system in the world. We live on the edge. Rainwater could carry pollution
to the fresh water supply, and it is too late.
Today there are a multitude of pollution sources
and just to name a few:
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Animal manure
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Discharge from industrial processes
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Drainage from mines and industrial wastes
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Leaching of the residues of fertilisers and
pesticides used in agriculture
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Acid rain
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Oil spills from ships
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Storm water systems from cities carry
pollution
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Gulf courses upstream or near a lake
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Untreated sewage
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Leakage from oil storage tanks
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Many of the 100,000 or so commercial
chemicals employed in the world today create difficulties as a lot of them
are released into aquatic ecosystems
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Wet and dry deposition of materials
transported through the atmosphere and which originate from emissions made
in industrial areas and from motor vehicles
Water pollution varies in severity from one
region to the next depending of the density of urban development, agricultural
and industrial practices and the presence or absence of systems for collecting
and treating the waste waters.
It is necessary to measure the water's quality,
quantity and biological characteristics in every country. A lot of the data in
the global hydrological network dedicated to measuring these elements are
missing. It is non-existent in most developing countries. Data on water use are
also scarce.
Global demand for water is rising. The rise will
accelerate into the future because the world population is expected to reach 8.2
billion by the year 2024.
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