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The Ecological Principles of the Waste Lands Reviving

Modern waste-lands in their absolute majority are the effects of irrational activity of people. Among them one can take out gains, sites after fires, gullies, deserts, salt – ridden lands, scrubby lands, swamplands, dirt piles, land having not been used in agriculture for considerable period of time for any reason, etc. To the same category should be applied deserted villages and other settlement abandoned by people, as well as desolated industrial objects, firing grounds, spontaneous dumps, zones of radio and chemical contamination and other territories having been left because of depleting their resources. Mosaic archipelago of Russian waste-lands occupies the territory more then 500 mln hectares and area in is getting larger at a rate of 4 hectares per minute. In the planetary scale this value must be in at least ten times of higher level. The process of degradation of Russian landscapes keeps its rate and even gets faster. It occurs at the expense of bedding of the plough-lands because of ass-arts, military actions, degradation of bottomlands, spontaneous creation of new dumps likely to appear by the sides or railroads and motor – ways, as well as at the places used by the urban population for recreation.

Our organization has developed the system for reclamation and restoring of waste – lands by means of creating Social System for Nature Reviving (SSNR). By creating SSNR we are trying to mark the beginning of a special activity to compensate the destroying affects of Urban Civilization upon nature. In our views the mankind can (in ecological terms) achieve the balance only by creating nature-reviving dynamic that is to compensate the destroying urban dynamic. To create nature reviving is to create biocenos of noocenosis on the waste – lands which is to grow in area at the same speed as other grounds are destroyed upon the influence of urban technocratic civilization. We hope that in the nearest future the mankind should be divided into two categories according to attitude toward nature: so called destroyers and so called creators. In our opinion the only way to solve the problem of coming worldwide ecological destruction is to find a balance between the destructive and creative powers we mentioned earlier. This is only way to solve ecological problems in planetary scale. There we can see a social niche to bestow the aim and purpose of existence upon a considerable part of people all over the world, to give them reason to live, to provide them with the means of living, so that they can afford independence from outer world being relatively autonomous.

The material of research works, having been collected by 5 SSNR since 1987 and up to now, have proved the fact that without developing and accounting all the aspects of the matter not only SSNR, but any of ecological settlement are likely to fail to survive.

1. World outlook aspect

World outlook is a linking base for a collective of workers. In the foundation of world outlook can be various scientific, metaphysical or religions ideas about the aim and sense of human being. Qualitative world outlook, as a rule, has ideas about the Universe construction, the main laws of world outlook, the place and role of man in system of these laws. Sensible and think over system of views makes specific peculiarities of mode organization and understanding how can we go on with honour future life of out spirit after the death of our physical body.

Our organization cheers any world outlooks, having in their nature creation and life asserting principles. Deviation in details and interpretations between leaders can be resolved by one method: the evidence of right is the existence of like-minded persons and successful creation of your own microcosm on a waste-land.

2. Educational aspect

The creation of SSNR is held in expeditionary conditions. Every group have to be ready for work in difficult surroundings for example in zones of radio and chemical contamination. This work can be secure if you have some special knowledge. We have no hope for state’s help in Russia. For this reason we have to make money ourselves. But it’s impossible without a special training and permanent improvement of worker’s skill. We have a special system for probationers. Every probationer works out his own mini-program of nature revival orientation. For example: "Nursery garden", "Flora Unicum", "Nord seeds", "Super hive", "Fito Service", "Eco Tour", "Human Rights Watch". Every program is an independent business and possibility for people to make means of subsistence and to find sense of human being.

Besides that every SSNR at a certain period of its development according to its regulations, have to create an educational program that guaranties social reproduction of system.

Education of children is a special article.

3. Personnel aspect

This aspect has "Protocol of intentions", "Collective agreement" or another document where you can find the list of members of initiative group, different ways of participation in business, distribution of duties.

Besides that, personnel policy demands regulations which have a special system of personnel change, living standards and work, social guaranties and discipline sanctions to:

- workers,
- probationer,
- season workers,
- volunteers and relatives.

4. Science aspect

We need to form many documents if we take a plot for ecological revival. The first document is scientific basement, which gives arguments for usefulness of this territory for revivify. The next very important document is the idea of scientific basement of restoration and reconstruction of this degradation land. It must connect in one system ecological, natural, economical, architecture, aesthetic and demographically aspects.

The main element of this aspect is protocol authority of monitoring of environmental of this plot by a certain row of signs.
Without scientific approach and special knowledge it is impossible to develop mini-programs and plant growing.
Systematization of field works will allow us to penetrate new conformity to natural laws and to find new ways of development of chosen activity.

5. Law aspect

This aspect has:

- work out of basement documents according to the law with taking to account regional peculiarities: Constitutive agreement, Basement, The order about registration policy;
- definition, registration and license of chosen activity;
- work out of law positions according to various forms of external actions of a settlement;
- monitoring of the law and adequate changes in base documents of an organization;
- System of communication inside the organization (rules, regulations, official instructions) and the ways of developing these communications.

6. Rural economy

In sprite of bad ground, every SSNR is busy with rural activity, as usual it is connected with recultivated work, garden nursery, bee-keeping, making of biohumus and so on. Very important element of rural economy is the usage of power-saving technologies, remaking of wastes, organization of closed trophic cycles.

Rural economy aspect also includes the list of current work:

- the plan of necessary agrotechnical work research;
- research of optimal regime of technical service of programs;
- the work for buying of building particles;
- stages and mechanism of building;
- creating the block for supplying of natural food;
- material writing.

7. Economical aspect

The first task for economical aspect is research and good thinking distribution of start capital.
The second task is work out "The order about registration policy" and confirmation of its competence is statistics and tax service. The peculiarity of the order is – if take the meaning of revival waste-lands from business point of view, it is unprofitable. That’s why we have to confirm special forms for account. There are some difficulties in calculation of balance price of destroyed lands, which must be measured in minus ones.

The competence of economical aspect is distribution of means from various programs to agreed subaccount, ruling by grants and leading of differential bookkeeping and account.

8. Architecture aspect

Architecture and Landscapes conception is:

- planning of expediency place of houses and store rooms from the point view of esthetics, mode of life and industrial convenience, sanitary hygiene, fire security, condition of ground, wind rose, peculiarities of relief, inaccessibility for unexpected visits;
- literal projects of constructions, irrigating net, power communications, water supply, sewerage, weirs, bridges, roads;
- creation of ideal landscape model or computer model of a farm;
- work out of project documentation and building plan of the territory.

9. Social psychology aspect

Transition to nature revival activity supposes cardinal change of usual model of life. During our practice we found a phenomena of elasticity of social environment, which is expressed by resistance of a person to new beginning. During the beginning social aspect supposes to work out some methods to release a person from old habits (smoking, etc.). Then we have to work out some positions, which help a person to contradict to external influence.

This influence is:

- former relatives and friends who wish to make a personal to come back to old model of life;
- religious organizations;
- public movement, parties, clubs, informal groups;
- former partners;
- other programs, economical profitable proposals.
Social aspect also includes some methods of communication with local population, authorities and clients.

10. Recreational aspect

Recreational aspect supposes calendar planning of rest: weekends, vacations, relax, trips. Integration activity of programs and interchangeability of workers guarantee recreation aspect. In the base of recreation aspect put the change of surroundings, region or contact group. Recreation aspect is also connected with organization of holidays meeting with interesting people. Recreation aspect is connected with practice by improving and rejuvenation of organism. For example scientific tourism.

11. Futurology aspect

Futurology aspect supposes to see future by every member of the collective. Every man wants to know about his future – his life, children and pupils.
Besides any SSNR will change: a waste lands will be a garden. People and houses will be old, the earth will change. It’s important to foreseen various types of development of a new built natural complex.
Besides that very important to organize transition to another world with fulfilling all wishes of those, who has gone. Rather we have to think over some special rituals, which are connected with memory, succession, and preserving of experience.

12 criteria to hallmark the Social System of Nature Reviving (SSNR)

1. In terms of territory SSNR is a scrape of depredated land where different kinds of work on creating a hand-made natural complex – noocenos are carried on.

2. According to administrative criteria SSNR is regarded as an ecological proving ground to be taken out for termless use by an expedition detachment consisting of ecologists-renovators. There they like, work and carry out research work. At the present state of Russian Legislation System in terms of property in land this way of obtaining land seems to be the most rational. Further on other alternative variants should be considered.

3. To the dwelling (housing) and industrial sections of SSNR we have given the name of noosphere ecological settlement, as this title we find most appropriate in meaning. At the initial stage of assimilating the settlement is formed as an expedition camp. The housing area intended for setting up offices, dwellings, laboratories, industrial object and subsidiary houses is formalized as to belong to Natural Restoring organization.

4. To provide SSNR with all it needs for work and survival it requires as follows: means of transportation, temporary expedition dwellings, means of communication, an autonomous source of electric power supply, a source of water supply, a cook-house to provide the staff with hot food. At the stage of developing all the available means of power supply are of help. If there are local materials to used to obtain energy, they should be used as well as reclamation of wastes (recycling), etc. The only demand is that the technologies are ecologically correct.

5. In terms of administrative and law aspects SSNR is a noncommercial partnership of the heads programs of agricultural and social-ecological orientation. For example: "Flora Unicum", "Nord seeds", "Super hive", "Fito Service", "Eco Tour", "Human Rights Watch", "The School for Noosphere modeling". The economic and industrial facilities of the program are set on the territory of SSNR.

6. The bylaw of the organization is specially adapted to the peculiarities of the statistical codification and standards of taxation legislation of a region.

7. The main source of financial support is the money earned from the programs carried out by the organization itself. The additional ones are the money got from willing offerings and specialized funds.

8. While carrying out the compulsory (according to bylaw) Educational Program SSNR turns into a real living system. Being launched into existence, Educational Program enables the System to replicate. Within carrying out the Educational Program each of the probationers develops his or her own mini – programs of reclamation orientation. The program in action is to provide the financial independence of the author and make him or her a competent participant of the collaborative management of the System.

9. The characteristic feature of SSNR is the mechanism of into – system legislation creative initiative. It is integrated with the function of management and coordination of the activities of other different programs.

10. SSNR provides an integrate approach in solving the problems of physiological incompatibility, principal disagreements, overpopulation and system reproduction by means of organization of expedition detachments to develop the plans of reclamation new degraded territories. Under favorable condition in terms of legislation climate the process can be developed at a rate of geometrical progression.

11. The optimal number of participant of fully commissioned SSNR is 5 – 12 competent collaborators. The number of probationer must not increase 16. This amount does not include hired workers, consultants, volunteers and guests.

12. After all the work on reclamation has been completed, SSNR according to the procedure having been formulated in Regulations, is to be reformed into a specialized ecologically balanced economy of agricultural, scientific, educational or recreative orientation.